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Since stroke is an essential part of vascular dementia, [13] the goal is to prevent new strokes. This is attempted through reduction of stroke risk factors, such as high blood pressure, high blood lipid levels, atrial fibrillation, or diabetes mellitus. [2] [5] Medications for high blood pressure are used to prevent pre-stroke dementia. [19]
Acquired cortical blindness is most often caused by loss of blood flow to the occipital cortex from either unilateral or bilateral posterior cerebral artery blockage (ischemic stroke) and by cardiac surgery. [2] In most cases, the complete loss of vision is not permanent and the patient may recover some of their vision (cortical visual ...
Ocular ischemic syndrome is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. [1] Amaurosis fugax is a form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion can be caused by thromboembolism due to atherosclerosis elsewhere in the ...
The earliest warning signs of Alzheimer's disease include memory loss that impacts your daily functioning, vision and language issues, social withdrawal, and more.
The broad term, "stroke" can be divided into three categories: brain ischemia, subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain ischemia can be further subdivided, by cause, into thrombotic, embolic, and hypoperfusion. [3] Thrombotic and embolic are generally focal or multifocal in nature while hypoperfusion affects the brain globally.
Retinal microvascular disease is noninflammatory and resembles that of diabetic retinopathy. This leads to partial or complete vision loss. [6] Headaches due to multiple factors including brain lesions, edema, and papilledema. Mental confusion, loss of cognitive function, loss of memory, slowing of speech and hemiparesis due to brain lesions.
Damage to the limbic system involves loss or damage to memory, and may include: [citation needed] loss or confusion of long-term memory prior to focal neuropathy (retrograde amnesia) inability to form new memories (anterograde amnesia) loss of, or reduced emotions ; loss of olfactory functions; loss of decision-making ability
A person can show one or more of these symptoms during a stroke. Decreased consciousness is more uncommon than in stroke due to intracerebral hemorrhage, but may be present when there is infarctions in more than one part of the brain or in the brain stem. [13] Symptoms of cerebral infarction can help determine which parts of the brain are affected.