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Three consonants require further discussion. Wakasa (2008:96f) reports that the use of 7 for the glottal stop has been replaced by the use of the apostrophe. The sound written nh is described by Wakasa (2008:44) as a 'nasalized glottal fricative'; it is said to be extremely rare, occurring in only one common noun, an interjection, and two proper names.
Hadiyya (speakers call it Hadiyyisa, others sometimes call it Hadiyigna, Adiya, Adea, Adiye, Hadia, Hadiya, Hadya) is the language of the Hadiya people of Ethiopia. Over 1.2 million speakers of Hadiyya, making it one of the ten major languages in Ethiopia. It is a Highland East Cushitic language of the Afroasiatic family.
Within the Kafa culture there is a caste of traditional hunters called the Manja/Manjo 'hunters'. They may once have spoken a different language. However, Leikola has shown that currently they speak Kafa with a number of distinctive words and constructions that they use, reinforcing the distinctions between themselves and the larger Kafa society.
[6] [7] Locals or natives of Harar refer to their language as Gēy Sinan or Gēy Ritma ' language of the City ' (Gēy is the word for how Harari speakers refer to the city of Harar, whose name is an exonym). [8] According to Wolf Leslau, Sidama is the substratum language of Harari and influenced the vocabulary greatly. [9]
In Somalia, pupils start primary school when they are 7 and finish it at the age of 11 starting from form 1 to form 4.Pupils must firstly have attended casual school known as dugsi and learnt the Muslim holy book Qur'an, and the meaning of the Arabic language.
The Ethiopian language area is a hypothesized linguistic area that was first proposed by Charles A. Ferguson (1970, 1976), who posited a number of phonological and morphosyntactic features that were found widely across Ethiopia and Eritrea, including the Ethio-Semitic, Cushitic and Omotic languages but not the Nilo-Saharan languages.
Within Ethiopia, Oromo is the language with the largest number of native speakers. Within Africa, Oromo is the language with the fourth most speakers, after Arabic (if one counts the mutually unintelligible spoken forms of Arabic as a single language and assumes the same for the varieties of Oromo), Swahili , and Hausa .
[10] [11] It also serves as a language of instruction in Djibouti, [12] and as the working language of the Somali Region in Ethiopia. [ 9 ] Beja, Afar, Blin and Saho , the languages of the Cushitic branch of Afroasiatic that are spoken in Eritrea , are languages of instruction in the Eritrean elementary school curriculum. [ 13 ]