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The fibers from the retina run along the optic nerve to nine primary visual nuclei in the brain, from which a major relay inputs into the primary visual cortex. A fundus photograph showing the back of the retina. The white circle is the beginning of the optic nerve. The optic nerve is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glia.
In neuroanatomy, the optic tract (from Latin tractus opticus) is a part of the visual system in the brain.It is a continuation of the optic nerve that relays information from the optic chiasm to the ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus.
As this expands, the rostral neuropore (the exit of the brain cavity out of the embryo) closes and the optic sulcus and the neural plate becomes the optic vesicle. [9] Optic nerves arise from connections of the vesicles to the forebrain. [1] Neuroectoderm gives rise to the following compartments of the eye: retina
In some cases—approximately 20% of the population—there is a branch of the ciliary circulation called the cilio-retinal artery which supplies the retina between the macula and the optic nerve, including the nerve fibers from the foveal photoreceptors. If this artery is present, the central vision will be preserved even in case of central ...
The common tendinous ring, also known as the annulus of Zinn or annular tendon, is a ring of fibrous tissue surrounding the optic nerve at its entrance at the apex of the orbit. It is the common origin of the four recti muscles of the group of extraocular muscles. It can be used to divide the regions of the superior orbital fissure. [1]
He suggested a stepwise evolution from "an optic nerve merely coated with pigment, and without any other mechanism" to "a moderately high stage of perfection", and gave examples of existing intermediate. [3] Current research is investigating the genetic mechanisms underlying eye development and evolution. [4]
The mesoderm has limited contributions: it is the origin of the vitreous body, ... Optic nerve with 27. Dural sheath, 28. Tenon's capsule or bulbar sheath, 29. Tendon.
Fibers from the optic nerves cross over in the optic chiasm with some fibers passing to the contralateral optic nerve tract. This is the basis of the " swinging-flashlight test ". Loss of accommodation and continued pupillary dilation can indicate the presence of a lesion on the oculomotor nerve.