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In ISA temperature conditions the altimeter will read the height above the airfield/runway in the vicinity of the airfield. SPS/STD - 'Standard Pressure Setting' or just 'Standard' refers to the altimeter being set to the standard pressure of 1013.25 hPa. It is the setting that causes an altimeter to read the aircraft's flight level (FL).
12 November 1996, an Il-76 collided in mid air with a Saudi B747 near New Delhi India, following a level bust by the Il-76.; 12 November 1996, a B737 descended below its assigned holding level in the LHR stack, in IMC, to within 100 feet vertically and between 680 and 820 metres horizontally of an MD-81 at its correct level.
The altimeter setting used is the ISA surface pressure of 1013 hPa or (29.92 inHg). The actual surface pressure may vary from this at different locations and times. Therefore, by using a standard pressure setting, every aircraft has the same altimeter setting, and vertical clearance can be maintained. [1] Scale comparison of some flight level ...
In aviation, atmospheric sciences and broadcasting, a height above ground level (AGL [1] or HAGL) is a height measured with respect to the underlying ground surface.This is as opposed to height above mean sea level (AMSL or HAMSL), height above ellipsoid (HAE, as reported by a GPS receiver), or height above average terrain (AAT or HAAT, in broadcast engineering).
Altimeter setting is calculated based on barometric pressure, site elevation, sensor elevation and - optionally - air temperature. Altimeter setting is reported in inches of mercury (in steps of 0.01 inHg) or whole hectopascals, rounded down. ASOS heated tipping bucket precipitation gauge
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In a mode C reply, the altitude is encoded by a Gillham interface, Gillham code, which uses Gray code. The Gillham interface is capable of representing a wide range of altitudes, in 100-foot (30 m) increments. The altitude transmitted is pressure altitude, and corrected for altimeter setting at the ATC facility. If no encoder is attached, the ...