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Cystoscopy is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra. It is carried out with a cystoscope . The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
CIS detection is improved by blue light cystoscopy, where a dye (hexaminolevulinate) that accumulates in cancer cells is injected into the bladder during cystoscopy. The dye fluoresces when the cystoscope shines blue light on it, allowing for more accurate detection of small tumors.
In radiology and urology, a cystography (also known as cystogram) is a procedure used to visualise the urinary bladder.. Using a urinary catheter, radiocontrast is instilled in the bladder, and X-ray imaging is performed.
The first step is a cystoscopy to examine the bladder, then an incision is made in the lower abdomen. Once the stone is removed, the bladder is repaired with an absorbable stitch, and a catheter is inserted into the bladder via the urethra. Occasionally it is necessary to gently drip fluid in and out of the bladder for a period, as there is ...
Also, in cystoscopy, which is the examination of the urinary bladder with an endoscope, narrow-band imaging is useful in differentiating between benign and malignant cells. [6] Alternative methods to improve visualization of the mucosa in endoscopy include chromoendoscopy, confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography. [citation needed]
The stent is removed by cystoscopy, an outpatient procedure. Cystoscopy involves placement of a small flexible tube through the urethra (the hole where urine exits the body). The procedure, which usually takes only a few minutes and causes little discomfort, is performed in an outpatient clinic or ambulatory surgery centre.
Because a pyelogram involves cystoscopy, it may cause sepsis, infection or bleeding, [13] and may also cause nausea and vomiting. [13] The dye may also be toxic to the kidneys. [13] Before the procedure, a person is usually asked to complete a safety check assessing for potential risks, such as pregnancy or allergy. [13]
A urethral stricture is a narrowing of the urethra, the tube connected to the bladder that allows urination.The narrowing reduces the flow of urine and makes it more difficult or even painful to empty the bladder.