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The green line shows the case n = 6. The apothem (sometimes abbreviated as apo [ 1 ] ) of a regular polygon is a line segment from the center to the midpoint of one of its sides. Equivalently, it is the line drawn from the center of the polygon that is perpendicular to one of its sides.
Tangent line at (a, f(a)) In mathematics , a linear approximation is an approximation of a general function using a linear function (more precisely, an affine function ). They are widely used in the method of finite differences to produce first order methods for solving or approximating solutions to equations.
The square root of 2 is equal to the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle with legs of length 1 and is therefore a constructible number. In geometry and algebra, a real number is constructible if and only if, given a line segment of unit length, a line segment of length | | can be constructed with compass and straightedge in a finite number of steps.
Since one knows the first and second derivatives of P(x) − f(x), one can calculate approximately how far a test point has to be moved so that the derivative will be zero. Calculating the derivatives of a polynomial is straightforward. One must also be able to calculate the first and second derivatives of f(x).
Arrangements can be constructed efficiently by an incremental algorithm that adds one line at a time to the arrangement of the previously added lines. Each new line can be added in time proportional to the size of its zone, linear by the zone theorem. This results in a total construction time of (). [7]
Signum function = . In mathematics, the sign function or signum function (from signum, Latin for "sign") is a function that has the value −1, +1 or 0 according to whether the sign of a given real number is positive or negative, or the given number is itself zero.
Since computing the mean line segment length involves calculating multidimensional integrals, various methods for numerical integration can be used to approximate this value for any shape. One such method is the Monte Carlo method. To approximate the mean line segment length of a given shape, two points are randomly chosen in its interior and ...
The midpoint method computes + so that the red chord is approximately parallel to the tangent line at the midpoint (the green line). In numerical analysis , a branch of applied mathematics , the midpoint method is a one-step method for numerically solving the differential equation ,