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a document titled Medium-term Expenditure Framework Statement - This is to set forth a three-year rolling target for prescribed expenditure indicators with specification of underlying assumptions and risk involved (vide Section 6 A of the Act amended in 2012). [12]
The merger led to an emphasis on coordinating the budget process and introducing output-oriented budgeting within a medium-term expenditure framework. [5] Many of these early reforms had a "cutting-edge dimension"; Uganda was one of the first countries in Africa to adopt a semi-autonomous revenue agency (the Uganda Revenue Authority ) as well ...
The 2024–25 Pakistan Federal Budget is a financial statement of the government's estimated receipts and expenditures for the fiscal year that runs from 1 July 2024 to 30 June 2025. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] On 12 June 2024, finance minister Muhammad Aurangzeb presented the federal budget with a total outlay of Rs18.877 trillion. [ 3 ]
Short-Term Capital Gains (STCG): The tax rate on short-term capital gains from shares, mutual funds, and real estate has been increased from 15% to 20%. [9] Long-Term Capital Gains (LTCG): The tax rate on long-term capital gains has been set at 12.5%. Additionally, the exemption limit for long-term capital gains has been raised from ₹1 lakh ...
The government financial statements usually include a statement of activities (similar to an income statement in the private sector), a balance sheet and often some type of reconciliation. Cash flow statements are often included to show the sources of the revenue and the destination of the expenses.
These documents identify the planned expenditure of each department and agency, linking these proposed expenses to programs, to objectives and ultimately to the priorities of the current ruling Government. The Treasury Board Secretariat combines these budget estimates and compile an initial proposed budget.
Specifics of the indicator depend on the operational definition of fiscal sustainability and the underlying economic modelling framework employed in a study. Some of the most commonly used indicators are so-called tax gaps. For example, the infinite horizon tax gap, or S2 sustainability indicator in European Commission phraseology is defined as:
For example, if there is a foreign financial surplus (or capital surplus) because capital is imported (net) to fund the trade deficit, and there is also a private sector financial surplus due to household saving exceeding business investment, then by definition, there must exist a government budget deficit so all three net to zero. The ...