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The new Austrian tunneling method (NATM), also known as the sequential excavation method (SEM) or sprayed concrete lining method [1] (SCL), is a method of modern tunnel design and construction employing sophisticated monitoring to optimize various wall reinforcement techniques based on the type of rock encountered as tunneling progresses.
Franz Pacher (28 April 1919 in Prostřední Suchá, present-day Czech Republic – 3 March 2018 in Salzburg, Austria [1]) was an Austrian civil engineer and a pioneer of modern tunneling. He is one of three men who are considered to be the chief developers of the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM). [2]
The tunnel significantly enhances connectivity within the Kashmir Valley and is a key component of India's efforts to improve transportation infrastructure in the region. The tunnel was constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) and was built by Afcons Infrastructure. It features modern safety systems, including escape tunnels ...
Ladislaus von Rabcewicz (June 12, 1893 in Kungota, nearby Maribor – December 19, 1975) was an Austrian engineer and university professor at the Vienna University of Technology. He is notable for being one of three men who developed the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM).
The Zheleznitsa Tunnel is a critical section of the Struma motorway, linking the Bulgarian capital Sofia with the Greek Aegean port of Thessaloniki. Built using the New Austrian tunneling method, it was opened for traffic on 20 February 2024. [3] The tunnel features four pedestrian crossings and two car crossings between the twin tubes.
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Leopold Müller at the Geomechanik Kolloquium 1966 in Salzburg, Austria. Leopold Müller (born 9 January 1908 in Salzburg, died 1 August 1988 in Salzburg) was a geologist, one of the pioneers of rock mechanics and one of the main contributors to the development of the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM).
The tunnel itself takes up about 82% of the total new line. The Yulhyeon Tunnel was built using the New Austrian tunnelling method (NATM) and is designed for a maximum speed of 300 km/h (186 mph). The average cruising speed is about 240 km/h (149 mph) due to the intermediate stop at Dongtan Station in the southern part of the tunnel. [1]