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  2. Circle of latitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_of_latitude

    The latitude of the circle is approximately the angle between the Equator and the circle, with the angle's vertex at Earth's centre. The Equator is at 0°, and the North Pole and South Pole are at 90° north and 90° south, respectively. The Equator is the longest circle of latitude and is the only circle of latitude which also is a great circle.

  3. List of circles of latitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_circles_of_latitude

    The equator, a circle of latitude that divides a spheroid, such as Earth, into the northern and southern hemispheres. On Earth, it is an imaginary line located at 0 degrees latitude . 0°

  4. Equator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equator

    The equator is the circle of latitude that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres. It is an imaginary line located at 0 degrees latitude , about 40,075 km (24,901 mi) in circumference, halfway between the North and South poles. [ 1 ]

  5. Equirectangular projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equirectangular_projection

    Equirectangular projection of the world; the standard parallel is the equator (plate carrée projection). Equirectangular projection with Tissot's indicatrix of deformation and with the standard parallels lying on the equator True-colour satellite image of Earth in equirectangular projection Height map of planet Earth at 2km per pixel, including oceanic bathymetry information, normalized as 8 ...

  6. Geodetic coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodetic_coordinates

    Geodetic latitude and geocentric latitude have different definitions. Geodetic latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and the surface normal at a point on the ellipsoid, whereas geocentric latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and a radial line connecting the centre of the ellipsoid to a point on the surface (see figure).

  7. Great-circle navigation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great-circle_navigation

    To find the way-points, that is the positions of selected points on the great circle between P 1 and P 2, we first extrapolate the great circle back to its node A, the point at which the great circle crosses the equator in the northward direction: let the longitude of this point be λ 0 — see Fig 1.

  8. Geographical zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_zone

    The North Frigid Zone, between the North Pole at 90° N and the Arctic Circle at 66°33′50.3″ N, covers 4.12% of Earth's surface. The North Temperate Zone, between the Arctic Circle at 66°33′50.3″ N and the Tropic of Cancer at 23°26′09.7″ N, covers 25.99% of Earth's surface.

  9. Tropic of Cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropic_of_Cancer

    The circle's position was at exactly 23° 27′N in 1917 and will be at 23° 26'N in 2045. [3] The distance between the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer is essentially constant as they move in tandem. This is based on an assumption of a constant equator, but the precise location of the equator is not truly fixed.