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The epididymis is present in male reptiles, birds, mammals, and cartilaginous fish. [1] The caput epididymidis is fused to the testis in eutherian mammals, but not in marsupials. [13] In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis and which receives the various efferent ducts.
The epididymis is a long whitish mass of tightly coiled tube. The sperm that are produced in the seminiferous tubules flow into the epididymis. During passage via the epididymis, the sperm undergo maturation and are concentrated by the action of ion channels located on the apical membrane of the epididymis. [2]
Until about the ninth week of gestational age, [4] the external genitalia of human males and females look the same, and follow a common development. This includes the development of a genital tubercle and a membrane dorsally to it, covering the developing urogenital opening , and the development of the labioscrotal fold .
Epididymal cysts is a mass that forms in the epididymis. [10] These cysts differ from spermatoceles as they contain clear fluid, rather than seminal fluid. In addition, spermatoceles are more likely to be found on the head of the epididymis. [19] Other abnormalities can be detected during male genital examination including Peyronie's disease.
The spermatic cord is the cord-like structure in males formed by the vas deferens (ductus deferens) and surrounding tissue that runs from the deep inguinal ring down to each testicle.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 22 January 2025. Sac of skin that protects the testicles For the obsolete dinosaur fossil name, see Megalosaurus § "Scrotum humanum". Scrotum A human's scrotum in a relaxed state (left) and a tense state (right) Details Precursor Labioscrotal swellings System Reproductive system Artery Anterior scrotal ...
[9] [10] [11] Moreover, this increase in scrotal storage of sperm corresponds with epididymis evolution from reptiles to mammals. The mechanism by which sperm storage in the epididymis is enhanced at lower extra-abdominal temperatures has been shown to be a consequence of the biophysics of oxygen availability and sperm oxidative respiration. [12]
In a male embryo, the testicular cords will induce the development of the Wolffian duct into the vas deferens, epididymis and the seminal vesicle and cause the repression and regression of the Mullerian duct. [4] The other male sex organs (ex. the prostate) as well as external genitalia are also formed under the influence of testosterone. [4]
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