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The Kellogg–Briand Pact or Pact of Paris – officially the General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy [1] – is a 1928 international agreement on peace in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them". [2]
August 15, 1928: Germany launches the high-tech luxury liner SS Europa August 27, 1928: Germany's Foreign Minister Gustav Streseman joins others in signing Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact in Paris, renouncing "war as an instrument of national policy" The Kellogg-Briand Pact and seals from 15 signatory nations France's Foreign Minister Aristide Briand addresses the assembled representatives
On 27 August 1928, both Romania and the Soviet Union signed and ratified the Kellogg–Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of national policy. [47] On 9 February 1929, the Soviet Union signed a protocol with its western neighbors, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, and Romania, confirming adherence to the terms of the Pact. [48]
Fourteen major nations were the first to sign the Kellogg-Briand Pact in Paris in 1928. The Kellogg–Briand Pact of 1928 resulted from a proposal drafted by the United States and France that, in effect, outlawed war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them".
In foreign affairs, Coolidge pointed to the success of the Kellogg-Briand Pact, an international treaty renouncing war as a means of resolving disputes. He described it as a "solemn declaration against war" and a major step towards a peaceful global order. [ 1 ]
1928 – Kellogg–Briand Pact, multilateral treaty outlawing war by moral force of 60 signatory nations. 1929 – Young Plan reduces amount of reparations due from Germany to $8.0 billion over 58 years.
The purported scandal shocked the nation when it was reported that 18 high school girls in Gloucester, Mass., were all pregnant at the same time in 2008.
August 27 – The Kellogg–Briand Pact is signed. November 6 – Herbert Hoover wins against Al Smith in the 1928 United States presidential election. December 4 – Coolidge delivers the 1928 State of the Union Address. [45] December 22 – Coolidge pardons John W. Langley. [46]