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Potassium-40 (40 K) is a long lived and the main naturally occurring radioactive isotope of potassium. Its half-life is 1.25 billion years. It makes up about 0.012% (120 ppm ) of natural potassium.
K. [3] Three of those isotopes occur naturally: the two stable forms 39 K (93.3%) and 41 K (6.7%), and a very long-lived radioisotope 40 K (0.012%) Naturally occurring radioactive 40 K decays with a half-life of 1.248×10 9 years. 89% of those decays are to stable 40 Ca by beta decay, whilst 11% are to 40 Ar by either electron capture or ...
t 1/2 is the half-life of 40 K; K f is the amount of 40 K remaining in the sample; Ar f is the amount of 40 Ar found in the sample. The scale factor 0.109 corrects for the unmeasured fraction of 40 K which decayed into 40 Ca; the sum of the measured 40 K and the scaled amount of 40 Ar gives the amount of 40 K which was present at the beginning ...
K (93.3%), 40 K (0.0117%), and 41 K (6.7%) (by mole fraction). Naturally occurring 40 K has a half-life of 1.250 × 10 9 years. It decays to stable 40 Ar by electron capture or positron emission (11.2%) or to stable 40 Ca by beta decay (88.8%). [30] The decay of 40 K to 40 Ar is the basis of a common method for dating rocks.
The age of a sample is given by the age equation: = (+) where λ is the radioactive decay constant of 40 K (approximately 5.5 x 10 −10 year −1, corresponding to a half-life of approximately 1.25 billion years), J is the J-factor (parameter associated with the irradiation process), and R is the 40 Ar*/ 39 Ar ratio.
Natural isotopes are either stable isotopes or radioactive isotopes that have a sufficiently long half-life to allow them to exist in substantial concentrations in the Earth (such as bismuth-209, with a half-life of 1.9 × 10 19 years, potassium-40 with a half-life of 1.251(3) × 10 9 years), daughter products of those isotopes (such as 234 Th, with a half-life of 24 days) or cosmogenic ...
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This is a list of radioactive nuclides (sometimes also called isotopes), ordered by half-life from shortest to longest, in seconds, minutes, hours, days and years. Current methods make it difficult to measure half-lives between approximately 10 −19 and 10 −10 seconds.