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The celatone was a device invented by Galileo Galilei to observe Jupiter's moons with the purpose of finding longitude on Earth. It took the form of a piece of headgear with a telescope taking the place of an eyehole.
Galileo Galilei was an Italian scientist who is sometimes referred to as the "father of modern observational astronomy". [16] His improvements to the telescope, astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism were all integral to the Copernican Revolution.
Galileo Solar Space Telescope – Multi-mission Platform (GSST-PMM) [1] is a mission proposed by Brazil's National Institute for Space Research (INPE) that aims to precisely measure the solar radiation at the top of the Earth's atmosphere, the magnetic field in the photosphere and the upper solar atmosphere.
As a result of improvements that Galileo Galilei made to the telescope, with a magnifying capability of 20×, [5] he was able to see celestial bodies more distinctly than was previously possible. This allowed Galileo to observe in either December 1609 or January 1610 what came to be known as the Galilean moons. [6] [7]
A claim will be made 37 years later by another Dutch spectacle-maker that his father, Zacharias Janssen, invented the telescope. [17] A replica of Galileo's telescope. 1609 — Galileo Galilei makes his own improved version of Lippershey's telescope, calling it a "perspicillum".
Galileo's achievements include improvements to the telescope, various astronomical observations, and initial formulation of the first and second laws of motion. Galileo was suppressed by the Catholic Church, but was a founder of modern science. [14]
By using two types of glass for the two lenses this gets compensated to some degree, resulting in a sharper and clearer image. Depending on the configuration, 4, 6 or 8 lenses are used. The 4-lens configuration results in a telescope in some ways similar to Galileo's, with 17× magnification and a very small field of view.
Galileo performed three additional flybys of Io, on August 6 and October 16, 2001 and January 17, 2002, during the Galileo Millennium Mission. Both encounters in 2001 allowed Galileo to observe Io's polar regions up-close, though imaging from the August 2001 flyby was lost due to a camera malfunction. [2]