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  2. Electrical resistivity and conductivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and...

    The SI unit of electrical resistivity is the ohm - metre (Ω⋅m). [1][2][3] For example, if a 1 m3 solid cube of material has sheet contacts on two opposite faces, and the resistance between these contacts is 1 Ω, then the resistivity of the material is 1 Ω⋅m. Electrical conductivity (or specific conductance) is the reciprocal of ...

  3. Valence and conduction bands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_and_conduction_bands

    In solid-state physics, the valence band and conduction band are the bands closest to the Fermi level, and thus determine the electrical conductivity of the solid. In nonmetals, the valence band is the highest range of electron energies in which electrons are normally present at absolute zero temperature, while the conduction band is the lowest range of vacant electronic states.

  4. Wiedemann–Franz law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiedemann–Franz_law

    Lorenz number is more or less constant. In physics, the Wiedemann–Franz law states that the ratio of the electronic contribution of the thermal conductivity (κ) to the electrical conductivity (σ) of a metal is proportional to the temperature (T). [1] Theoretically, the proportionality constant L, known as the Lorenz number, is equal to ...

  5. Ionic conductivity (solid state) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_conductivity_(solid...

    Ionic conductivity (solid state) A proton conductor in a static electric field. Ionic conductivity (denoted by λ) is a measure of a substance's tendency towards ionic conduction. Ionic conduction is the movement of ions. The phenomenon is observed in solids and solutions. Ionic conduction is one mechanism of current. [1]

  6. Drude model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drude_model

    Drude model. The Drude model of electrical conduction was proposed in 1900 [1][2] by Paul Drude to explain the transport properties of electrons in materials (especially metals). Basically, Ohm's law was well established and stated that the current J and voltage V driving the current are related to the resistance R of the material.

  7. Lithium sulfate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_sulfate

    When aqueous lithium sulfate is heated, the electrical conductivity also increases. The molarity of lithium sulfate also plays a role in the electrical conductivity; optimal conductivity is achieved at 2 M and then decreases. [4] When solid lithium sulfate is dissolved in water it has an endothermic disassociation.

  8. Solid-state physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_physics

    Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as solid-state chemistry, quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics. Solid-state physics studies how the large-scale properties of solid materials result from their atomic -scale ...

  9. Free electron model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_electron_model

    In solid-state physics, the free electron model is a quantum mechanical model for the behaviour of charge carriers in a metallic solid. It was developed in 1927, [1] principally by Arnold Sommerfeld, who combined the classical Drude model with quantum mechanical Fermi–Dirac statistics and hence it is also known as the Drude–Sommerfeld model.