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  2. Cervical effacement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_effacement

    A score of 8 and above indicates induction of labor is favorable and the possibility of a vaginal delivery with induction will be similar to spontaneous labor. [ 10 ] Cervical effacement is an important component of the Bishop score and is reported as a percentage. 0% indicates the cervix is at normal length, 50% indicates the cervix is half of ...

  3. Cervical cerclage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cerclage

    Usually the treatment is done in the first or second trimester of pregnancy, for a woman who has had one or more late miscarriages in the past. [2] The word "cerclage" means encircling, hooping or banding in French. [3] The success rate for cervical cerclage is approximately 80–90% for elective cerclages, and 40–60% for emergency cerclages.

  4. Caesarean section - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarean_section

    Some of these efforts are: emphasizing a long latent phase of labor is not abnormal and not a justification for C-section; a new definition of the start of active labor from a cervical dilatation of 4 cm to a dilatation of 6 cm; and allowing women who have previously given birth to push for at least 2 hours, with 3 hours of pushing for women ...

  5. Delivery after previous caesarean section - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delivery_after_previous...

    Slightly lower risk of uterine rupture in women undergoing ERCS (i.e. a section before the onset of labour). [1] Mothers with a previous lower uterine segment cesarean are considered the best candidates for VBAC, as that region of the uterus is under less physical stress during labor and delivery.

  6. Preterm birth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preterm_birth

    At birth, she was 20 cm (8 in) long and weighed 261 g (9.2 oz). [217] Her twin sister was also a small baby, weighing 563 g (1 lb 3.9 oz) at birth. During pregnancy their mother had pre-eclampsia, requiring birth by caesarean section.

  7. Peripartum cardiomyopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripartum_cardiomyopathy

    Symptoms usually include one or more of the following: orthopnea (difficulty breathing while lying flat), dyspnea (shortness of breath) on exertion, pitting edema (swelling), cough, frequent night-time urination, excessive weight gain during the last month of pregnancy (1-2+ kg/week; two to four or more pounds per week), palpitations (sensation of racing heart-rate, skipping beats, long pauses ...

  8. Dilated cardiomyopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilated_cardiomyopathy

    Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition in which the heart becomes enlarged and cannot pump blood effectively. [3] Symptoms vary from none to feeling tired, leg swelling , and shortness of breath . [ 2 ]

  9. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure_with...

    Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a form of heart failure in which the ejection fraction – the percentage of the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat divided by the volume of blood when the left ventricle is maximally filled – is normal, defined as greater than 50%; [1] this may be measured by echocardiography or cardiac catheterization.