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The Quran was canonized only after Muhammad's death in 632 CE. According to Islamic tradition the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan (r. 23/644–35 AH/655 CE) established the canonical Qur'an, reportedly starting the process in 644 CE, [6] and completing the work around 650 CE (the exact date was not recorded by early Arab annalists). [7]
The history of the Quran, the holy book of Islam, is the timeline ranging from the inception of the Quran during the lifetime of Muhammad (believed to have received the Quran through revelation between 610 and 632 CE [1]), to the emergence, transmission, and canonization of its written copies.
This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non-Muslims to be when Islam started, [ 1 ] though not by Muslims .
582: Birth of Umar, the senior companion of Muhammad and his father-in-law. 594: Muhammad leads Khadija's trade caravan to Syria and back (approximate date). 595: Muhammad marries Khadija (approximate date). 598: Birth of Muhammad and Khadija's first child, Qasim ibn Muhammad. 599: Birth of Ali ibn Abi Talib in the city of Mecca. The cousin of ...
613: Invitation of the close families of Muhammad to Islam; 613: Declaration at Mount Safa inviting the general public to Islam; 614: Birth of Aisha, Daughter of first caliph Abu Bakr and youngest wife of Muhammad. 614: Persecution of the Muslims by the Quraish. A party of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia. 615: Acceptance of Islam by Hamza and Umar
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
In Islam, most intellectual disciplines, including Islamic theology, philosophy, mysticism and jurisprudence, have been concerned with the Quran or have their foundation in its teachings. [16] Muslims believe that the preaching or reading of the Quran is rewarded with divine rewards variously called ajr, thawab, or hasanat. [228]
However, Shia Muslims claim Ali was the first to convert to Islam. Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq [5] 3. First Muslim Male convert: Ali Ibn Abi Talib [6] 610 [6] Ali, is said to have supported Muhammed from his childhood and in some texts, is said to have converted to Islam just after his birth. It is commonly reported that Ali was the second, after ...