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In the wake of the wars of conquest of the 17th century, completely deforested of timber for export (usually for the Royal Navy) and for a temporary iron industry in the course of the 17th century, Irish estates turned to the export of salt beef, pork, butter, and hard cheese through the slaughterhouse and port city of Cork, which supplied England, the British navy and the sugar islands of the ...
Between 250,000 and 400,000 Scots-Irish migrated to America in the 18th century. [14] The Scots-Irish soon became the dominant culture of the Appalachians from Pennsylvania to Georgia . Areas whose 20th-century censuses reported mostly " American " ancestry were the places in which historically, northern English, Scottish and Scots-Irish ...
America and the Fight for Irish Freedom 1866–1922 (1957) excerpt; Ward, Alan J. "America and the Irish Problem 1899–1921." Irish Historical Studies (1968): 64–90. in JSTOR; Whelan, Bernadette. De Valera and Roosevelt: Irish and American Diplomacy in Times of Crisis, 1932–1939 (Cambridge University Press, 2020) online review
The Dutch established a patroon system with feudal-like rights given to a few powerful landholders; they also established religious tolerance and free trade. The colony's capital of New Amsterdam was founded in 1625 and located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan , which grew to become a major world city.
Scotch-Irish Americans are American descendants of primarily Ulster Scots people who emigrated from Ulster (Ireland's northernmost province) to the United States during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, with their ancestors being originally migrated to Ulster, mainly from the Scottish Lowlands in the 17th century.
Colonization efforts began in the late 16th century with failed attempts by England to establish permanent colonies in the North. The first of the permanent English colony in the Americas was established in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. Colonies were established in North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
In North America, during the period of European colonization in the early modern period, several plantations were established by English settlers, including in Virginia, Rhode Island, and elsewhere throughout the Thirteen Colonies. Other European colonial powers used the plantation method of colonization as well, though not to the extent of ...
The Anglo-Irish Agreement (AIA) recognised the Irish government's right to be consulted and heard as well as guaranteed equality of treatment and recognition of the Irish and British identities of the two communities. The agreement also stated that the two governments must implement a cross-border co-operation. [69]