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As a grandson of Theodosius I (r. 379–395), Valentinian was also a member of the Theodosian dynasty, to which his wife, Licinia Eudoxia, also belonged. A year before assuming the rank of augustus, Valentinian was given the imperial rank of caesar by his half-cousin and co-emperor Theodosius II (r. 402–450).
After the deaths of Gratian and his successor Valentinian II, Theodosius became the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and the western halves of the Roman Empire 392-395. Theodosius is also remembered for making a series of decrees (see Edict of Thessalonica ) that essentially codified Nicene Christianity as the official state church of ...
[2] [3] In 367 Roman Britain was threatened by the Great Conspiracy, defeated 368–369 by the magister equitum Theodosius the Elder, accompanied by his son Theodosius. [2] [3] [1] At this time was the unsuccessful usurpation in Britain by Valentinus. [3] Theodosius the Elder was made magister equitum in 369, and retained the post until 375. [1]
On 26 March 429, Emperor Theodosius II announced to the Senate of Constantinople his intention to form a committee to codify all of the laws (leges, singular lex) from the reign of Constantine up to Theodosius II and Valentinian III. [5] The laws in the code span from 312 to 438, so by 438 the "volume of imperial law had become unmanageable". [6]
The same year Theodosius recognized Magnus Maximus's nominee for consul, Flavius Euodius, and Magnus Maximus's official portrait is known to have been shown at Alexandria, in the part of the empire administered by Theodosius. [121] On Valentinian's restoration, Theodosius' clemency emboldened the supporters of the altar of Victory to once more ...
Theodosius greeted the imperial court of Valentinian at Salonica. [6] Faced with the choice of avoiding a civil war or supporting Valentinian, Theodosius chose Valentinian. [7] Theodosius took his time gathering Alans, Goths, Huns, and Armenians into his army. [8] He planned to attack Maximus in Italy, while marching with the main army into ...
With reinforcements from Theodosius's allies among the Goths led by Alaric and Gainas, and from Bacurius the Iberian, Theodosius's army defeated Eugenius's, and Eugenius was captured and executed. Arbogast killed himself after the battle. The fighting ended the third civil war of Theodosius's reign, after the two fought against Magnus Maximus (r.
Within 424, Valentinian was proclaimed a Caesar in the Eastern court. The following year, Joannes was defeated and executed. Valentinian replaced him as Augustus of the West. [4] Eudoxia and Valentinian III married on 29 October 437, in Thessalonike, their marriage marking the reunion of the two halves of the House of Theodosius.