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The name Phoenicia is an ancient Greek exonym that did not correspond precisely to a cohesive culture or society as it would have been understood natively. [7] [8] Therefore, the division between Canaanites and Phoenicians around 1200 BC is regarded as a modern and artificial division. [6] [9]
Herodotus believed that the Phoenicians originated from Bahrain, [16] [17] a view shared centuries later by the historian Strabo. [18] This theory was accepted by the 19th-century German classicist Arnold Heeren, who noted that Greek geographers described "two islands, named Tyrus or Tylos, and Aradus, which boasted that they were the mother country of the Phoenicians, and exhibited relics of ...
The name Phoenicia is an ancient Greek exonym that did not correspond precisely to a cohesive culture or society as it would have been understood natively. [8] [9] Therefore, the division between Canaanites and Phoenicians around 1200 BC is regarded as a modern and artificial construct. [7] [10]
The Treaty of Lutatius was the agreement between Carthage and Rome of 241 BC (amended in 237 BC), that ended the First Punic War after 23 years of conflict. Most of the fighting during the war took place on, or in the waters around, the island of Sicily and in 241 BC a Carthaginian fleet was defeated by a Roman fleet commanded by Gaius Lutatius Catulus while attempting to lift the blockade of ...
The first Phoenician settlers immigrated to North Africa around 900 BC as traders and merchants, mainly from Tyre and Sidon in modern-day Lebanon. [2] [4] They settled predominantly in what is now Tunisia, [5] but they also established over 300 colonies and settlements in the lands currently part of modern Algeria and Morocco. [6]
The Mediterranean c. 6th century BC: Phoenician settlements in red, Greek areas in blue, and other territories as marked. Colonies in antiquity were post-Iron Age city-states founded from a mother-city or metropolis rather than a territory-at-large.
Phoenicia was eventually conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire, [60] [61] by which point Carthage had become the wealthiest and most powerful of all the Phoenician colonies. Around this time, a distinct culture began to emerge from the admixture of local customs with Phoenician traditions, which also gave rise to a nascent sense of national ...
Phoenician colonies This is a list of cities and colonies of Phoenicia in modern-day Lebanon , coastal Syria , northern Israel , as well as cities founded or developed by the Phoenicians in the Eastern Mediterranean area, North Africa , Southern Europe , and the islands of the Mediterranean Sea .