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A public–private partnership (PPP, 3P, or P3) is a long-term arrangement between a government and private sector institutions. [1] [2] Typically, it involves private capital financing government projects and services up-front, and then drawing revenues from taxpayers and/or users for profit over the course of the PPP contract. [3]
Public–private partnerships (PPP or P3) are cooperative arrangements between two or more public and private sectors, typically of a long-term nature. [1] In the United States , they mostly took the form of toll roads concessions , community post offices and urban renewal projects. [ 2 ]
The Government also created a Viability Gap Funding Scheme for PPP projects to help promote the sustainability of the infrastructure projects. This scheme provides financial support to infrastructure projects, normally in the form of a capital grant at the stage of project construction (up to 20 percent of the total project).
As a result of this increase in the role played by PPPs in new public-sector infrastructure projects and the complexity of PPP contracts, the European PPP Expertise Centre (EPEC) was established to support the public sector's capacity to implement PPPs and help overcome problems common across Europe in PPPs.
The name “public social private partnership” (PSPP) is a development of Public Private Partnership (PPP).. PPP is one expression of a strong trend towards (re)privatisation, which in some European countries has arisen as a result of more difficult economic conditions in recent years and the associated structural crisis in the public sector (see Eschenbach, Müller, Gabriel: 1993).
Confederation Bridge is an example of an infrastructure project financed through a P3 in Canada. Public–private partnership (PPP or P3) in Canada is a form of alternative service delivery that involves a formal, collaborative arrangement between the public and private sectors, typically of a long-term nature.
Sign at the entrance of the Regina Wastewater Treatment Plant. PPP Canada's definition of Public-private partnership was "a long-term performance-based approach to procuring public infrastructure where the private sector assumes a major share of the risks in terms of financing and construction and ensuring effective performance of the infrastructure, from design and planning, to long-term ...
Build–operate–transfer (BOT) or build–own–operate–transfer (BOOT) is a form of project delivery method, usually for large-scale infrastructure projects, wherein a private entity receives a concession from the public sector (or the private sector on rare occasions) to finance, design, construct, own, and operate a facility stated in the concession contract.