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The Papanicolaou test (abbreviated as Pap test, also known as Pap smear (AE), [1] cervical smear (BE), cervical screening (BE), [2] or smear test (BE)) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb) or, more rarely, anus (in both men and women). [3]
Cost-effectiveness studies have reported conflicting conclusions, due to incomplete understanding of the natural history of anal HPV infection and lack of clarity of the efficacy of interventions. [6] An informal survey of local infectious-disease doctors in southeast Michigan suggested that few know where to send patients for an anal Pap smear.
For the first time, cervical cancer screening guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force include self-collection of HPV samples for females starting at age 30, which could help make ...
Cervicography is a diagnostic medical procedure in which a non-physician takes pictures of the cervix and submits them to a physician for interpretation. Other related procedures are speculoscopy and colposcopy. The procedure is considered a screening test for cervical cancer and is complementary to Pap smear.
Medicare Part B provides coverage for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. Medicare covers HPV tests as part of the Pap test, usually once every 5 years. HPV is a sexually transmitted infection ...
If a woman’s HPV infection persists after a year, she may be referred for a colposcopy, a procedure in which a doctor inserts a speculum into the vagina to widen the vagina so they can see the ...
Another test is specific for DNA from HPV types 16 and 18, the two types that cause most HPV-associated cancers. A third test can detect DNA from several high-risk HPV types and can indicate whether HPV-16 or HPV-18 is present. A fourth test detects RNA from the most common high-risk HPV types.
If HPV testing is not available, then a pap smear or screening could also be done. A co-test of the two options could be another option, according to Davis. She said that while HPV testing may be ...