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In linguistics, grammatical person is the grammatical distinction between deictic references to participant(s) in an event; typically, the distinction is between the speaker (first person), the addressee (second person), and others (third person).
Japanese [5], Mongsen Ao [8] Direct case: direct subject or object of a transitive or intransitive verb I saw her; I gave her the book. Scottish Gaelic [9] | many languages with Austronesian Alignment. Ergative case: agent; subject of a transitive verb: he pushed the door and it opened Basque | Chechen | Dyirbal | Georgian | Kashmiri | Samoan ...
Example English Example English Ergative: ने نے ne लड़के ने لڑکے نے laṛke ne boy उन्होंने انہوں نے unhõne they Accusative: को کو ko लड़के को لڑکے کو laṛke ko the boy उनको ان کو unko/un ko them Dative: to the boy to them Instrumental: से سے se
Example: The class is paired up. One partner in each pair is Partner A, and the other is Partner B. All the students that are Partner A are given a sheet of paper with a time-table on it. The time-table is filled in half-way, but some of the boxes are empty. All the students that are Partner B are given a sheet of paper with a time-table on it.
An example with the neuter definite article with the German word for "book". d as Buch ( nominative ) "the book" [as a subject] (e.g. Das Buch ist gut - the book is good) d es Buch (e)s ( genitive ) "the book's/ [of] the book" (e.g. Die Seiten des Buchs sind grün - the pages of the book are green)
There are a number of words in Hindi that function as reflexive pronouns. [8] [7] The indeclinable स्वयं (svayam) can indicate reflexivity pertaining to subjects of any person or number, and—since subjects in Hindi can appear in the nominative, or dative cases [9] —it can have the sense of any of these two cases.
The active voice is the most commonly used in many languages and represents the "normal" case, in which the subject of the verb is the agent. In the active voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action or causes the happening denoted by the verb.
Compound verbs, a highly visible feature of Hindi–Urdu grammar, consist of a verbal stem plus a light verb. The light verb (also called "subsidiary", "explicator verb", and "vector" [ 55 ] ) loses its own independent meaning and instead "lends a certain shade of meaning" [ 56 ] to the main or stem verb, which "comprises the lexical core of ...