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A Victorian-era pump organ A smaller variety of pump organ A Mason & Hamlin pump organ A pump organ. The harmonium was considered by Curt Sachs to be an important instrument for music of Romanticism (1750s–1900), which "vibrated between two poles of expression" and "required the overwhelming power and strong accents of wind instruments". [2]
The pump organ, reed organ or harmonium, was the other main type of organ before the development of the electronic organ. It generated its sounds using reeds similar to those of an accordion . Smaller, cheaper and more portable than the corresponding pipe instrument, these were widely used in smaller churches and in private homes, but their ...
The Indian harmonium is derived from reed organ designs developed in France. Originally, these were large instruments, designed to be played sitting on a chair, which allowed one to pump the instrument using foot pedals. [4] Over time, Europeans designed smaller harmoniums, like the guide-chant, which included manually pumped bellows. [5]
The most likely precursor to free reed aerophones is the Jew's harp, [2] an instrument known to many cultures throughout the world, and by many names (e.g., k'uang in ancient China). [3] In this instrument, the main sound producer is the vibrating reed tongue itself, rather than the air flow.
The Estey Organ Company was an organ manufacturer based in Brattleboro, Vermont, founded in 1852 by Jacob Estey.At its peak, the company was one of the world's largest organ manufacturers, employed about 700 people, and sold its high-quality items as far away as Africa, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand.
The path towards Partch's use of many unique instruments was a gradual one. [2] Partch began in the 1920s using traditional instruments, and wrote a string quartet in just intonation (now lost). [3] [4] He had his first specialized instrument built for him in 1930—the Adapted Viola, a viola with a cello's neck fitted on it. [3]
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All instruments have been disassembled, cleaned and restored. There are eighty organs all together of which sixty can still be played on. [1] The pump organs are originating from different countries. One suction-reed organ was built in 1872 in the United States and has two keyboards and a pipe top of Mason & Hamlin.