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The Yangtze plate, also called the South China block or the South China subplate, comprises the bulk of southern China. It is separated on the east from the Okinawa plate by a rift that forms the Okinawa Trough which is a back-arc basin , on the south by the Sunda plate and the Philippine Sea plate , and on the north and west by the Eurasian ...
The historical centre of Chinese culture is on the loess plateau, the world's largest Quaternary loess deposit, and on the alluvial lands at the east of it. The alluvial East China plain extends from just south of Beijing in the north, to the Yangtze River delta in the south, punctuated only by the igneous Shandong highlands and peninsula.
The Amurian microplate (or Amur microplate; also occasionally referred to as the China plate, not to be confused with the Yangtze plate) [citation needed] is a minor tectonic plate in the northern and eastern hemispheres. The Amurian Plate is named after the Amur River, which forms the border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China.
Indo-Australian plate – Major tectonic plate formed by the fusion of the Indian and Australian plates (sometimes considered to be two separate tectonic plates) – 58,900,000 km 2 (22,700,000 sq mi) Australian plate – Major tectonic plate separated from Indo-Australian plate about 3 million years ago – 47,000,000 km 2 (18,000,000 sq mi)
The collision-extrusion model argues that the opening of the South China Sea Basin is related to the collision of the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The Borneo and Indochina plate are still considered as a single block and attached to each other. When India collided with Eurasia, part of the continent was pushed towards the southeast.
The earliest geological units found in the Western Block are formed in Neoarchean, [8] when the major crustal accretion and reworking took place. [10] The Neoarchean rocks in the Precambrian basement are mainly composed of greenstones, high-grade metamorphic rocks and granitoids. [16]
The Danxia landform (Chinese: 丹霞地貌; pinyin: dānxiá dìmào) refers to various landscapes found in southeast, southwest and northwest China that "consist of a red bed characterized by steep cliffs". [1] It is a unique type of petrographic geomorphology found in China.
The yellow star shows where the thinned lithosphere is. The lithosphere thinned because the subducting plate roll back faster than the over-riding plate could migrate forward. [38] As a result, the over-riding plate stretch its lithosphere to catch up with the roll back, which resulted in lithospheric thinning. [38] Modified from Zhu, 2011. [38]