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Intermodulation occurs when the input to a non-linear system is composed of two or more frequencies. Consider an input signal that contains three frequency components at f a {\displaystyle ~f_{a}} , f b {\displaystyle ~f_{b}} , and f c {\displaystyle ~f_{c}} ; which may be expressed as
Four-wave mixing can be compared to the intermodulation distortion in standard electrical systems. It is a parametric nonlinear process, in that the energy of the incoming photons is conserved . FWM is a phase-sensitive process, in that the efficiency of the process is strongly affected by phase matching conditions.
Some passive materials are intrinsically non-linear. These include ferrites, ferrous metals, and carbon-fibre composites. [4] Intermodulation distortion is a particularly difficult problem at the cellular base stations of mobile phone cellular networks. These have to deal with multiple transmissions at closely spaced frequencies and it is ...
In telecommunications, a third-order intercept point (IP 3 or TOI) is a specific figure of merit associated with the more general third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3), which is a measure for weakly nonlinear systems and devices, for example receivers, linear amplifiers and mixers.
The Volterra series is a model for non-linear behavior similar to the Taylor series.It differs from the Taylor series in its ability to capture "memory" effects. The Taylor series can be used for approximating the response of a nonlinear system to a given input if the output of the system depends strictly on the input at that particular time.
MSPC can be used to quantify nonlinear phase coupling between a set of base frequencies and their harmonic/intermodulation frequencies. MSPC is a model-free method, which can provide a system description, including (i) the order of the nonlinearity, (ii) the direction of interaction, (iii) the time delay in the system, and both (iv) harmonic ...
In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system (or a non-linear system) is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. [1] [2] Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers, biologists, [3] [4] [5] physicists, [6] [7] mathematicians, and many other scientists since most systems are inherently nonlinear in nature. [8]
One example of nonlinear filters is the (generalized directional distance rational hybrid filter (GDDRHF) [1]) for multidimensional signal processing.This filter is a two-stage type hybrid filter: 1) the stage norm criteria and angular distance criteria to produce three output vectors with respect to the shape models; 2) the stage performs vector rational operation on the above three output ...