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The most common mechanism of injury is high-speed motor vehicle accidents. The injury is more likely in children due to the large size of their heads relative to their bodies, and more horizontal orientation of the occipital condyles. It represents <1% of all cervical spine injuries. [1] Several subtypes of atlanto-occipital dislocation are known.
Symptoms are frequently worsened by a Valsalva maneuver, or by being upright for long periods of time. The reason that being upright is problematic is that gravity allows increased interaction between the brain stem and the top of the spinal column, increasing symptoms. Lying in the supine position can bring short-term relief. Lying supine ...
The posterior atlantooccipital membrane (posterior atlantooccipital ligament) is a broad but thin membrane [1] [2]: 99 extending between the posterior margin of the foramen magnum above, and posterior arch of atlas (first cervical vertebra) below. It forms the floor of the suboccipital triangle.
The atlanto-occipital joint may be dislocated, especially from violent accidents such as traffic collisions. [1] This may be diagnosed using CT scans or magnetic resonance imaging of the head and neck. [1] Surgery may be used to fix the joint and any associated bone fractures. [1] Neck movement may be reduced long after this injury. [1]
Atlantoaxial instability is a common asymptomatic finding in rheumatoid arthritis patients. [3] However, it can lead to cervical myelopathy. [4] Patients with atlantoaxial instability can experience neck pain and headaches in the back of the head (occipital headaches).
“After 30 minutes, seizures cause brain damage. So he was likely getting one week’s worth of brain damage already out of the gate. And it’s possible that he was having seizures in utero and ...
Scammers are using AI-powered voice-cloning tools to prey on people. But experts say there's a simple way to protect you and your family.
"Baywatch" star Nicole Eggert recalled the warning signs that she missed ahead of receiving her breast cancer diagnosis.. The 52-year-old actress was diagnosed with stage 2 cribriform carcinoma ...