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  2. Dead space (physiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_space_(physiology)

    Dead space reduces the amount of fresh breathing gas which reaches the alveoli during each breath. This reduces the oxygen available for gas exchange, and the amount of carbon dioxide that can be removed. The buildup of carbon dioxide is usually the more noticeable effect unless the breathing gas is hypoxic as occurs at high altitude.

  3. Bohr equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_equation

    Here is the volume of the exhale that arises from the physiological dead space of the lung and is the tidal volume; P a CO 2 {\displaystyle P_{a\,{\ce {CO2}}}} is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood, and

  4. Fick principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fick_principle

    In Fick's original method, the "organ" was the entire human body and the marker substance was oxygen. The first published mention was in conference proceedings from July 9, 1870 from a lecture he gave at that conference; [ 1 ] it is this publishing that is most often used by articles to cite Fick's contribution.The principle may be applied in ...

  5. Davenport diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davenport_diagram

    Recall that the relationship represented in a Davenport diagram is a relationship between three variables: P CO 2, bicarbonate concentration and pH.Thus, Fig. 7 can be thought of as a topographical map—that is, a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional surface—where each isopleth indicates a different partial pressure or “altitude.”

  6. Indirect calorimetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirect_calorimetry

    where RQ is the respiratory quotient (ratio of volume CO 2 produced to volume of O 2 consumed), is 21.13 kilojoules (5.05 kcal), the heat released per litre of oxygen by the oxidation of carbohydrate, and is 19.62 kilojoules (4.69 kcal), the value for fat. This gives the same result as the Weir formula at RQ = 1 (burning only carbohydrates ...

  7. Arterial blood gas test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_blood_gas_test

    An arterial blood gas (ABG) test, or arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) measures the amounts of arterial gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide.An ABG test requires that a small volume of blood be drawn from the radial artery with a syringe and a thin needle, [1] but sometimes the femoral artery in the groin or another site is used.

  8. Control of ventilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_of_ventilation

    Ventilation facilitates respiration. Respiration refers to the utilization of oxygen and balancing of carbon dioxide by the body as a whole, or by individual cells in cellular respiration. [1] The most important function of breathing is the supplying of oxygen to the body and balancing of the carbon dioxide levels.

  9. Pulmonary gas pressures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_gas_pressures

    The alveolar oxygen partial pressure is lower than the atmospheric O 2 partial pressure for two reasons.. Firstly, as the air enters the lungs, it is humidified by the upper airway and thus the partial pressure of water vapour (47 mmHg) reduces the oxygen partial pressure to about 150 mmHg.