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The observational result of Hubble's law, the proportional relationship between distance and the speed with which a galaxy is moving away from us, usually referred to as redshift, is a product of the cosmic distance ladder. Edwin Hubble observed that fainter galaxies are more redshifted. Finding the value of the Hubble constant was the result ...
In standard cosmology, comoving distance and proper distance (or physical distance) are two closely related distance measures used by cosmologists to define distances between objects. Comoving distance factors out the expansion of the universe , giving a distance that does not change in time except due to local factors, such as the motion of a ...
Distance measures are used in physical cosmology to give a natural notion of the distance between two objects or events in the universe.They are often used to tie some observable quantity (such as the luminosity of a distant quasar, the redshift of a distant galaxy, or the angular size of the acoustic peaks in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum) to another quantity that is ...
Hubble radius, Hubble sphere (not to be confused with a Hubble bubble), Hubble volume, or Hubble horizon is a conceptual horizon defining the boundary between particles that are moving slower and faster than the speed of light relative to an observer at one given time. Note that this does not mean the particle is unobservable; the light from ...
It is described by the equation v = H 0 D, with H 0 the constant of proportionality—the Hubble constant—between the "proper distance" D to a galaxy (which can change over time, unlike the comoving distance) and its speed of separation v, i.e. the derivative of proper distance with respect to the cosmic time coordinate.
The Gaia Data Release 1 team were cautious about their result, and the VLBI authors assert "that the Hipparcos-measured distance to the Pleiades cluster is in error". The most recent distance estimate of the distance to the Pleiades based on the Gaia Data Release 3 is 135.74 ± 0.10 pc. [65]
23 Tauri is the star's Flamsteed designation.The name Merope originates with Greek mythology; she is one of the seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione known as the Pleiades.In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) [21] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars.
The cluster's mean distance from Earth is 99 Mpc (321 million light years). [3] [9] [10] Its ten brightest spiral galaxies have apparent magnitudes of 12–14 that are observable with amateur telescopes larger than 20 cm. [11] The central region is dominated by two supergiant elliptical galaxies: NGC 4874 and NGC 4889. [12]
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