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Flame photometry is a type of atomic emission spectroscopy. It is also known as flame emission spectroscopy . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] A photoelectric flame photometer is an instrument used in inorganic chemical analysis to determine the concentration of certain metal ions, among them sodium , potassium , lithium , and calcium . [ 3 ]
A flame during the assessment of calcium ions in a flame photometer. The sample of a material (analyte) is brought into the flame as a gas, sprayed solution, or directly inserted into the flame by use of a small loop of wire, usually platinum. The heat from the flame evaporates the solvent and breaks intramolecular bonds to create free atoms.
The nature of the excited and ground states depends only on the element. Ordinarily, there are no bonds to be broken, and molecular orbital theory is not applicable. The emission spectrum observed in flame test is also the basis of flame emission spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, and flame photometry. [4] [13]
A laboratory flame photometer that uses a propane operated flame atomizer Liquid or dissolved samples are typically used with flame atomizers. The sample solution is aspirated by a pneumatic analytical nebulizer , transformed into an aerosol , which is introduced into a spray chamber, where it is mixed with the flame gases and conditioned in a ...
There are several applications of spectroscopy in the fields of medicine, physics, chemistry, and astronomy. Taking advantage of the properties of absorbance and with astronomy emission, spectroscopy can be used to identify certain states of nature. The uses of spectroscopy in so many different fields and for so many different applications has ...
The Hefner lamp, or in German Hefnerkerze, is a flame lamp used in photometry that burns amyl acetate. The lamp was invented by Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck in 1884 and he proposed its use as a standard flame for photometric purposes with a luminous intensity unit of the Hefnerkerze (HK). The lamp was specified as having a 40 mm flame height ...
The solution to be analyzed is injected into the flame at a constant, known rate. Metals in the solution are present in atomic form in the flame. The monochromatic light in this type of photometer is generated by a discharge lamp where the discharge takes place in a gas with the metal to be determined.
[1] [2] It is a type of flame thermionic detector (FTD), the other being the alkali flame-ionization detector (AFID also known as AFD). With this method , nitrogen and phosphorus can be selectively detected with a sensitivity that is 10 4 times greater than that for carbon .