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Amsterdam mayor Femke Halsema initially described the attackers as "antisemitic hit-and-run squads" and said the incident reminded her of pogroms against Jews in Europe. [70] Halsema later said she regretted her use of the word "pogrom" and condemned the weaponisation of the word to attack Dutch Muslims and Moroccans.
Most Dutch Jews live in the major cities in the west of the Netherlands (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht); some 44% of all Dutch Jews live in Amsterdam, which is considered the centre of Jewish life in the country. In 2000, 20% of the Jewish-Dutch population was 65 years or older; birth rates among Jews were low.
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The first Ashkenazim, Jews from Central and Eastern Europe, who arrived in Amsterdam were refugees from the Chmielnicki Uprising in Poland and the Thirty Years War.Their numbers soon swelled, eventually outnumbering the Sephardic Jews at the end of the 17th century; by 1674, some 5,000 Ashkenazi Jews were living in Amsterdam, while 2,500 Sephardic Jews called Amsterdam their home. [11]
The bounty paid to Henneicke Column members for each captured Jew was 7.50 guilders (equivalent to about US $4.75). The group, consisting of 18 core members, disbanded on October 1, 1943. However, the Column’s leaders continued working for Hausraterfassungsstelle (Household property registration office), tracking down hidden Jewish property.
The Portuguese Synagogue in the middle of the former Jodenbuurt in an engraving from the Fouquet-Atlas ( 1760-1783 ). Photo: bma.amsterdam.nl. The first Jews to settle in Amsterdam were the Sephardim, who had been expelled from Portugal and Spain in 1493.
The monument founded by the Nederlands Auschwitz Comité (Dutch Auschwitz Committee) is located in the former Jewish quarter (Dutch: Jodenbuurt) on a roughly north–south strip along the west side of the Weesperstraat, clockwise from the north between Nieuwe Herengracht, Weesperstraat, Nieuwe Keizersgracht, and Amstel river, east of the H'ART ...
The onderduikers in turn drove a reward system for “Jew-hunters”—notably the Henneicke Column, originally a group tasked with inventorying abandoned Jewish properties, which became a bounty-hunting operation. The Henneicke Column delivered 8,000-9,000 Jews to Nazi authorities between March and October 1943 alone, earning up to 15 guilders ...