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The Early Church of Jerusalem is considered to be the first community of early Christianity. It was formed in Jerusalem after the crucifixion of Jesus . It proclaimed to Jews and non-Jews the resurrection of Jesus Christ , the forgiveness of sins and Jesus ' commandments to prepare for his return ( parousia ) and the associated end of the world .
According to Acts, the early church was led by the Apostles, foremost among them Peter and John. When Peter left Jerusalem after Herod Agrippa I tried to kill him, James, brother of Jesus appears as the leader of the Jerusalem church. [47] Clement of Alexandria (c. 150–215 AD) called him Bishop of Jerusalem. [47]
Jerusalem was the first center of the church, according to the Book of Acts, and according to the Catholic Encyclopedia the location of "the first Christian church". Jerusalem church may refer to: History of early Christianity#Jerusalem church; Council of Jerusalem; Cenacle; Church of the Holy Sepulchre; Church of Jerusalem (disambiguation)
The Jerusalem Church was an early Christian community located in Jerusalem, of which James and Peter were leaders. According to a universal tradition the first bishop was the Apostle James the Less, the "brother of the Lord". His predominant place and residence in the city are implied by Galatians 1:19.
The Church Fathers are the early and influential Christian theologians and writers, particularly those of the first five centuries of Christian history. The earliest Church Fathers, within two generations of the Twelve Apostles of Christ, are usually called Apostolic Fathers for reportedly knowing and studying under the apostles personally.
Margaret M. Mitchell writes that although Eusebius reports (Ecclesiastical History III 5.3) that the early Christians left Jerusalem for Pella just before Jerusalem was subjected to the final lockdown in 70, in the face of this total destruction we must accept that no first-hand Christian writings from the early Jerusalem Church have reached us ...
The fourth-century church fathers Eusebius and Epiphanius of Salamis cite a tradition that before the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70 the Jerusalem Jewish Christians had been warned to flee to Pella in the region of the Decapolis across the Jordan River. [5] After the destruction of Jerusalem, they came back to the city.
As historiography, the scholarly consensus is that Luke–Acts presents a skewed picture of the hardships faced by the early church. While evidence for isolated incidents has been found, [3] [4] there exists no historical evidence for systematic persecution of early Christians by either Jews [5] [6] or the Romans.