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This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison. As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium.
While past production in the late 1990s and early 2000s was as high as 4,700 barrels per day, as of June 2020, the USEIA reported oil production in Morocco at 160 barrels a day. [6] This same report shows that natural gas reserves are below consumption levels, and thus, Morocco imports much of its natural gas.
Since this is a measurement of mass, any conversion to barrels of oil equivalent depends on the density of the oil in question, as well as the energy content. Typically 1 tonne of oil has a volume of 1.08 to 1.19 cubic metres (6.8 to 7.5 bbl).
Above-ground retorting typically consumes between one and five barrels of water per barrel of produced shale oil, depending on technology. [7] [25] [26] [27] For an oil shale industry producing 2.5 million barrels per day (400 × 10 ^ 3 m 3 /d), this equates to 105,000,000–315,000,000 US gallons per day (400,000–1,190,000 m 3 /d) of water ...
The breakeven price for North American shale oil was US$68 a barrel in 2015, making it one of the most expensive to produce. By 2019, the "average Brent breakeven price for tight oil was about US$46 per barrel. The breakeven price of oil from Saudi Arabia and other Middle Eastern countries was US$42, in comparison. [141]
The process has a high energy consumption, for example around 2,500 kWh (9,000 MJ) of electricity per tonne of sodium hydroxide produced. Because the process yields equivalent amounts of chlorine and sodium hydroxide (two moles of sodium hydroxide per mole of chlorine), it is necessary to find a use for these products in the same proportion.
The most important of these are located at Tarfaya (in the south-westernmost part of Morocco) and Timahdit (in the Middle Atlas Mountains). [4] The largest known oil shale deposit in Morocco is located at Tarfaya. The deposit is estimated to consist of 80 billion tons of oil shale, containing 22.7 billion barrels (3.61 × 10 ^ 9 m 3) of shale ...