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Geometric designs in Islamic metalwork can form a grid decorated with these other motifs, or they can form the background pattern. [ 32 ] Even where metal objects such as bowls and dishes do not seem to have geometric decoration, still the designs, such as arabesques, are often set in octagonal compartments or arranged in concentric bands ...
Girih (Persian: گره, "knot", also written gereh [1]) are decorative Islamic geometric patterns used in architecture and handicraft objects, consisting of angled lines that form an interlaced strapwork pattern. Girih decoration is believed to have been inspired by Syrian Roman knotwork patterns from the second century.
Islamic ornament is the use of decorative forms and patterns in Islamic art and Islamic architecture. Its elements can be broadly divided into the arabesque , using curving plant-based elements, geometric patterns with straight lines or regular curves, and calligraphy , consisting of religious texts with stylized appearance, used both ...
The arabesques and geometric patterns of Islamic art are often said to arise from the Islamic view of the world (see above). The depiction of animals and people is generally discouraged, which explains the preference for abstract geometric patterns. There are two modes to arabesque art.
Girih tiles are a set of five tiles that were used in the creation of Islamic geometric patterns using strapwork for decoration of buildings in Islamic architecture. They have been used since about the year 1200 and their arrangements found significant improvement starting with the Darb-i Imam shrine in Isfahan in Iran built in 1453.
Example of geometric pattern in the Bou Inania Madrasa of Fez. This example employs a fivefold geometric system with 10-pointed stars, while also adding visual diversity through colour. In western Islamic art, under the Nasrid and Marinid dynasties, a great variety of geometric patterns were created for architectural decoration.
Islamic and Mujédar stucco decoration followed the main types of ornamentation in Islamic art: geometric, arabesque or vegetal, and calligraphic motifs. [ 3 ] [ 2 ] Three-dimensional muqarnas was often also carved in stucco, [ 24 ] [ 7 ] most typically found as transitional elements on vaults, domes, capitals, friezes, and doorways.
It is an archetypal form of Islamic architecture, integral to the vernacular of Islamic buildings, [2] [3] and typically featured in domes and vaults, as well as iwans, entrance portals, or other niches. [3] It is sometimes referred to as "honeycomb vaulting" [4] or "stalactite vaulting". [1] The muqarnas structure originated from the squinch ...