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In metalworking, a knockout punch, also known as a chassis punch, panel punch, Greenlee punch, or a Q-max, [1] is a hand tool used to punch a hole through sheet metal. It is a very simple tool that consists of a punch, die, and screw. There are three different drive systems: manual, ratchet, and hydraulic. [2]
Punch presses are large machines with either a 'C' type frame, or a 'portal' (bridge) type frame. The C type has the hydraulic ram at the top foremost part, whereas the portal frame is much akin to a complete circle with the ram being centered within the frame to stop frame deflection or distortion.
Eyelet punch press. A related office tool is the eyelet punch. This is a single-hole punch which also crimps a metal fastening loop around the hole, similar to a rivet. It is used to permanently secure a few sheets of paper together. A similar tool, generally known as a holing pincer, is used in animal husbandry.
The punch force required to punch a piece of sheet metal can be estimated from the following equation: [4] F = 0.7 t L ( U T S ) {\displaystyle F=0.7tL(UTS)} Where t is the sheet metal thickness, L is the total length sheared (perimeter of the shape), and UTS is the ultimate tensile strength of the material.
A prick punch is similar to a center punch but used for marking out. It has a sharper angled tip to produce a narrower and deeper indentation. The indentation can then be enlarged with a center punch for drilling. The tip of a prick punch is 60 degrees (the angle depends on what type of prick punch one is using). [1] It is also known as a dot ...
Manual goldsmith press General-purpose hydraulic shop press Power press with a fixed barrier guard A HACO CNC hydraulic press brake A press brake bending a sheet of steel. A forming press, commonly shortened to press, is a machine tool that changes the shape of a work-piece by the application of pressure. [1]
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