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Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is an evergreen [3] species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. [4] It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height and width of 30 metres (100 feet). There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type". [citation needed]
Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), also known as the purple mangosteen, [2] is a tropical evergreen tree with edible fruit native to Island Southeast Asia, from the Malay Peninsula to Borneo. It has been cultivated extensively in tropical Asia since ancient times.
Mango trees grow to 30–40 metres (98–131 feet) tall, with a crown radius of 10–15 m (33–49 ft). The trees are long-lived, as some specimens still fruit after 300 years. [12] In deep soil, the taproot descends to a depth of 6 m (20 ft), with profuse, wide-spreading feeder roots and anchor roots penetrating deeply into the soil. [4]
In tropical countries, forests are often cleared to plant fruit trees, such as bananas, pineapples, and mangoes. [7] This deforestation is having a number of negative environmental impacts, including: Biodiversity loss: Forests are home to a wide variety of plant and animal species, many of which are found nowhere else in the world. [8]
They grow down from lateral branches, branching in the soil. Storage roots: roots modified for storage of food or water, such as carrots and beets. They include some taproots and tuberous roots. Structural roots: large roots that have undergone considerable secondary thickening and provide mechanical support to woody plants and trees.
The trees are vigorous growers, but tend not to reach heights much over 20 feet. It has a low spreading habit that is not as compact as most other mango trees, and develops an open canopy. [8] Fruit production is relatively heavy and consistent. The fruit is comparatively large, some reaching up to several pounds in weight.
The tree is famous for its small dwarfing growth habit. Julie trees are very slow growing and in South Florida is able to maintain a height around 10 feet without pruning. In the Caribbean, however, there are Julie mango trees that are over 30 feet tall. [citation needed]
Mangrove plants require a number of physiological adaptations to overcome the problems of low environmental oxygen levels, high salinity, and frequent tidal flooding.Each species has its own solutions to these problems; this may be the primary reason why, on some shorelines, mangrove tree species show distinct zonation.
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