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Portrait d'une femme noire, 1800, Marie-Guillemine Benoist, Louvre; Dr. Susan Waller, "Marie-Guillemine Benoist, Portrait of Madeleine," in Smarthistory, September 26, 2018. James Smalls, "Slavery is a Woman: 'Race,' Gender, and Visuality in Marie Benoist's Portrait d'une négresse (1800)", Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 3, no. 1 (Spring 2004)
Clinging to Mammy: The Faithful Slave in Twentieth-Century America (Harvard UP, 2007); on 20th century construed white memories of happy times with slave women. West, Emily. "Reflections on the History and Historians of the black woman's role in the community of slaves: enslaved women and intimate partner sexual violence."
Mme Abomah. Ella Grigsby was born in October 1865, just 10 months after the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution abolished slavery.As a teenager, she began working for Elihu and Harriet Williams, and chose to take their surname as her own, possibly because her parents had been slaves owned by the Grigsby family.
Olive was born the third of seven children to Royce Boise Oatman (1809-1851) and Mary Ann Sperry Oatman (1813-1851) in La Harpe, Hancock County, Illinois. [1] In 1839, her parents left the Methodist church and joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) under the leadership of Joseph Smith. [1]
Ellen Craft was born in 1826 in Clinton, Georgia, to Maria, a mixed-race enslaved woman, and her wealthy planter owner, Major James Smith. At least three-quarters European by ancestry, Ellen was very fair-skinned and resembled her white half-siblings, who were her enslaver's legitimate children.
The origin of the mammy figure stereotype is rooted in the history of slavery in the United States, as enslaved women were often tasked with domestic and childcare work in American slave-holding households. The mammy caricature was used to create a narrative of Black women being content within the institution of slavery among domestic servitude.
Thomas Satterwhite Noble's 1867 painting The Modern Medea was based on Garner's story.. Margaret Garner, called "Peggy" (died 1858), was an enslaved African American woman who killed her own daughter and intended to kill her other three children and herself rather than be forced back into slavery. [1]
Harriet Jacobs [a] (1813 or 1815 [b] – March 7, 1897) was an African-American abolitionist and writer whose autobiography, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, published in 1861 under the pseudonym Linda Brent, is now considered an "American classic".