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  2. First Vatican Council - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Vatican_Council

    The First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the First Vatican Council or Vatican I, was the 20th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, held three centuries after the preceding Council of Trent which was adjourned in 1563.

  3. Pastor aeternus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastor_aeternus

    According to Catholic theology, this is an infallible dogmatic definition by an ecumenical council. Because the 1870 definition is not seen by Catholics as a creation of the Church, but as the dogmatic definition of a truth about the Church Magisterium, Papal teachings made prior to the 1870 proclamation can, if they meet the criteria set out ...

  4. Theology of Pope Pius IX - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theology_of_Pope_Pius_IX

    The First Vatican Council presided by Pius IX. Pius IX was the first pope to popularize encyclicals on a large scale to foster his views. He decisively acted on the century-old struggle between Dominicans and Franciscans regarding the Immaculate Conception of Mary, deciding in favour of the latter ones. [12]

  5. Catholic ecumenical councils - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils

    The council, also known as Vatican I, was convened by Pope Pius IX in 1869 and had to be prematurely interrupted in 1870 because of advancing Italian troops. In the short time, it issued definitions of the Catholic faith, the papacy and papal infallibility. Many issues remained incomplete, such as a definition of the Church and the authority of ...

  6. Dei Filius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dei_Filius

    Dei Filius is the incipit of the dogmatic constitution of the First Vatican Council on the Catholic faith, which was adopted unanimously, and issued by Pope Pius IX on 24 April 1870. The constitution set forth the teaching of "the holy Catholic Apostolic Roman Church" on God, revelation and faith. [1]

  7. Roman Catholic (term) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_(term)

    [citation needed] In 1870, English bishops attending the First Vatican Council raised objections to the expression Sancta Romana Catholica Ecclesia ("Holy Roman Catholic Church"), which appeared in the schema (the draft) of the council's Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith. The bishops proposed for the word "Roman" to be omitted or at ...

  8. Catholic Church and ecumenism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism

    After 1870 several German-speaking Catholics left the Catholic Church in light of the First Vatican Council. Many aligned themselves with the independent Bishop of Utrecht, who ordained clergy among them to form the Old Catholic Churches. Though it is not in communion, the Catholic Church recognizes as valid the Old Catholic holy orders and ...

  9. Modernism in the Catholic Church - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernism_in_the_Catholic...

    "15. Every man is free to embrace and profess the Religion he shall believe true, guided by the light of reason." – Apostolic Letter, Multiplices inter, 10 June 1851. Allocution Maxima quidem, 9 June 1862. The First Vatican Council was held from December 1869 to October 1870. The council provoked a degree of controversy even before it met.