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Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as the date palm, [2] is a flowering-plant species in the palm family Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit called dates.The species is widely cultivated across northern Africa, the Middle East, the Horn of Africa, Australia, South Asia, and California. [3]
A large number of date cultivars and varieties emerged through history of its cultivation, but the exact number is difficult to assess. Hussain and El-Zeid [1] (1975) have reported 400 varieties, while Nixon [2] (1954) named around 250.
The Judean date palm at Ketura, Israel, nicknamed Methuselah. The Judean date palm is a date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) grown in Judea.It is not clear whether there was ever a single distinct Judean cultivar, but dates grown in the region have had distinctive reputations for thousands of years, and the date palm was anciently regarded as a symbol of the region and its fertility.
Once a date tree is successfully planted it constitutes an economic plant returning good yearly yields for little labour. A mature date tree supplied with sufficient water and natural fertilizer (Sibalah, زبالة) will produce in-between two and three sacks (Shawal, شوال) each about 75 kilos (1 Shawal = 15 Ruba' = 123.75 litres. [8]
Phoenix sylvestris ranges from 4 to 15 m in height and 40 cm in diameter; not as large as the Canary Island Date Palm, but nearly so, and resembling it. The leaves are 3 m long, gently recurved, on 1 m petioles with acanthophylls near the base. The leaf crown grows to 10 m wide and 7.5 to 10 m tall containing up to 100 leaves.
The Torah also references the "70 date palm trees", which symbolize the 70 aspects of Torah that are revealed to those who "eat of its fruit." [ 32 ] Arecaceae have great economic importance, including coconut products, oils, dates, palm syrup , ivory nuts, carnauba wax, rattan cane, raffia, and palm wood .
A zahidi date. Zahidi (Arabic: زهدي) is a cultivar of the palm date that originated in Iraq. It has light brown skin. It is a semi-dry date of medium size that is very sweet. Zahidi dates ship well and are widely exported. [1] It is the most widely grown date cultivar in Iraq, with about 6 million planted trees as of 2015.
Palm tree in an Oasis in Kebili, Tunisia Deglet Nour dates. Deglet Nour, also spelled Deglet Noor (Modern Arabic: دقلة نور; from Classical Arabic دقْلَة النُور daqlatu (a)n-nūr, literally, "date-palm of light", "heavenly date"; from Classical Arabic دقل daqal, a kind of date palm), is a cultivar of the date palm that originated in the oasis of Tolga in Algeria.