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2. Water injection (oil production) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_injection_(oil...

   The three water injection pumps each had a capacity of 221 m 3 /hr with a differential head of 2068.5 metres (209 bar). The pumps discharged to the 3,000 psi manifold and wellheads. The single water injection booster pump (221 m 3 /hr, 1,379 m (139 bar) differential head) took its suction from the discharge of the water injection pumps and ...

3. Enhanced oil recovery - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_oil_recovery

   Injection well used for enhanced oil recovery. Enhanced oil recovery (abbreviated EOR), also called tertiary recovery, is the extraction of crude oil from an oil field that cannot be extracted otherwise. Whereas primary and secondary recovery techniques rely on the pressure differential between the surface and the underground well, enhanced oil ...

4. Extraction of petroleum - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraction_of_petroleum

   The typical recovery factor from water injection operations is about 30%, depending on the properties of the oil and the characteristics of the reservoir rock. On average, the recovery factor after primary and secondary oil recovery operations is between 35 and 45%.

5. Steam-assisted gravity drainage - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam-assisted_gravity...

   The SAGD process of heavy oil or bitumen production is an enhancement on the steam injection techniques originally developed to produce heavy oil from the Kern River Oil Field of California. [8] The key to all steam flooding processes is to deliver heat to the producing formation to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil and enable it to move ...

6. Steam injection (oil industry) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_injection_(oil_industry)

   Steam injection is an increasingly common method of extracting heavy crude oil. Used commercially since the 1960s, [ 1 ] it is considered an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method and is the main type of thermal stimulation of oil reservoirs.

7. Oil well - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_well

   The oil was burned to evaporate brine producing salt. By the 10th century, extensive bamboo pipelines connected oil wells with salt springs. The ancient records of China and Japan are said to contain many allusions to the use of natural gas for lighting and heating. Petroleum was known as burning water in Japan in the 7th century. [4] [5]

8. Shale oil extraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale_oil_extraction

   Water concerns are sensitive issues in arid regions, such as the western US and Israel's Negev Desert, where plans exist to expand oil-shale extraction despite a water shortage. [95] Depending on technology, above-ground retorting uses between one and five barrels of water per barrel of produced shale-oil.

9. Microbial enhanced oil recovery - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_enhanced_oil...

   Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) is a biological-based technology involving the manipulation of functions or structures within microbial environments present in oil reservoirs. The primary objective of MEOR is to improve the extraction of oil confined within porous media, while boosting economic benefits.