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A hydrofluoric acid burn is a chemical burn from hydrofluoric acid. [1] Where it contacts the skin it results in significant pain, swelling, redness, and skin breakdown. [1] [2] If the fumes are breathed in swelling of the upper airway and bleeding may occur. [2] Complications can include electrolyte, heart, lung, kidney, and neurological ...
Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water. Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive . A common concentration is 49% (48-52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling point near room temperature.
Chemical fabrication, mining, medicine, and related professional fields are examples of occupations where chemical burns may occur. Hydrofluoric acid leaches into the bloodstream, reacts with calcium and magnesium, and the resulting salts can cause cardiac arrest after eating through skin.
In burns caused by hydrofluoric acid, calcium gluconate is a specific antidote and may be used intravenously and/or topically. [37] Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in those with burns that involve more than 40% of their body appears to speed healing without affecting the risk of death. [78] The use of steroids is of unclear evidence. [79]
Gel preparations of calcium gluconate are used to treat hydrofluoric acid burns. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] The calcium gluconate reacts with hydrofluoric acid to form insoluble, non-toxic calcium fluoride . In addition to a 2.5% calcium gluconate gel being applied directly to the chemical burn , the person may also receive calcium gluconate supplements ...
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Hydrofluoric acid exposure is often treated with calcium gluconate, a source of Ca 2+ that binds with the fluoride ions. Skin burns can be treated with a water wash and 2.5 percent calcium gluconate gel [64] [65] or special rinsing solutions. [66] Because HF is absorbed, further medical treatment is necessary.
Fluoroantimonic acid is a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and antimony pentafluoride, containing various cations and anions (the simplest being H 2 F + and Sb F − 6).This mixture is a superacid that, in terms of corrosiveness, is trillions of times stronger than pure sulfuric acid when measured by its Hammett acidity function.