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A modern photograph of the Willamette Valley, ceded to the United States in the 1855 Kalapuya Treaty. The Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc., also known as the Kalapuya Treaty or the Treaty of Dayton, was an 1855 treaty between the United States and the bands of the Kalapuya tribe, the Molala tribe, the Clackamas, and several others in the Oregon Territory.
The first United States Minister to Hawaii (diplomatic rank roughly equivalent to a modern Ambassador) was David L. Gregg, who became minister to Hawaii in 1853. [1] A commercial agent (called Consul starting in 1844) had served in the islands since 1820. [2] From November 1874 to February 1875, King Kalākaua made a state visit to the United ...
In Hawaii, the government became concerned that the subsequent United States Tariff Act of March 3, 1883, which lowered sugar tariffs imposed on product imported from all nations, had left them at a disadvantage. Article IV of the reciprocity treaty prevented Hawaii from making reciprocity treaties with other nations.
The result was the multiculturalism of Hawaii and a wedge for Americans and Europeans to use in order to exert economic and political influence over Hawaii. Late 19th Century: S ugar success sets ...
The McKinley Act had crippled the Hawaiian sugar industry by removing the duties on sugar imports from other countries into the US, eliminating the previous Hawaiian advantage gained via the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875. [46] Many Hawaii businesses and citizens felt pressure from the loss of revenue; in response Liliʻuokalani proposed a lottery ...
From 1874 through 1875, Kalākaua made a state visit to Washington DC to gather support for a new treaty. [147] [148] Congress agreed to the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 for seven years in exchange for Ford Island (Pearl Harbor). [149] [150] After the treaty, sugar production expanded from 12,000 acres to 125,000 acres in 1891. [151]
The spotlight on Hawaii, "enormously increased the general interest in the current discussion of the proposed reciprocity treaty." [ 96 ] Hawaiian legislators Joseph Nāwahī and George Washington Pilipō led the native Hawaiian opposition who saw the treaty as a step towards annexation of the kingdom and only beneficial to the elite number of ...
Many in the Hawaiʻi business community were willing to cede Pearl Harbor to the United States in exchange for the treaty, but Kalākaua was opposed to the idea. A seven-year treaty was signed on January 30, 1875, without any Hawaiian land being ceded. [53] San Francisco sugar refiner Claus Spreckels became a major investor in Hawaiʻi's sugar ...