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  2. Latin tenses - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_tenses

    The infinitive has two main tenses (present and perfect) as well as a number of periphrastic tenses used in reported speech. Latin tenses do not have exact English equivalents, so that often the same tense can be translated in different ways depending on its context: for example, dūcō can be translated as 'I lead', 'I am leading' or 'I led ...

  3. Latin conjugation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_conjugation

    -re was the regular form in early Latin and (except in the present indicative) in Cicero; -ris was preferred later. [6] In early Latin , the 3rd singular endings -at and -et were pronounced -āt and -ēt with a long vowel. [6] Other forms: Infinitive: amāre "to love" Passive infinitive: amārī "to be loved" (in early Latin often amārier) [6]

  4. Latin grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_grammar

    Latin is a heavily inflected language with largely free word order. Nouns are inflected for number and case; pronouns and adjectives (including participles) are inflected for number, case, and gender; and verbs are inflected for person, number, tense, aspect, voice, and mood.

  5. Latin syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_syntax

    Latin word order is relatively free. The verb may be found at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a sentence; an adjective may precede or follow its noun (vir bonus or bonus vir both mean 'a good man'); [5] and a genitive may precede or follow its noun ('the enemies' camp' can be both hostium castra and castra hostium; the latter is more common). [6]

  6. Latin tenses with modality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_tenses_with_modality

    The gerundive of the verb (an adjectival form ending in -ndus) can be combined with the verb sum 'I am' to make a passive periphrastic tense. This usually expresses what is needing to be done:

  7. Latin tenses (semantics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_tenses_(semantics)

    From a semantic perspective, a tense is a temporal circumstance in which an event takes place relative to a given point in time. [i] [ii] [iii] It is absolute (primary) if it relates the represented event to the time of the speech event [iv] [v] [vi] [vii] and it is relative if it relates the represented event to the time of another event in the context of discourse.

  8. Latin tenses in dependent clauses - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_tenses_in_dependent...

    In Latin, there are different modes of indicating past, present and future processes. There is the basic mode of free clauses and there are multiple dependent modes found exclusively in dependent clauses. [1] In particular, there is the 'infinitive' mode for reported satetements and the 'subjunctive' mode for reported questions.

  9. Sequence of tenses - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence_of_tenses

    In Latin, the sequence of tenses rule affects dependent verbs in the subjunctive mood, mainly in indirect questions, indirect commands, and purpose clauses. [4] If the main verb is in one of the non-past tenses, the subordinate verb is usually in the present or perfect subjunctive (primary sequence); if the main verb is in one of the past tenses, the subordinate verb is usually in the ...

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