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Marketing. Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same level of the value chain, in the same industry. A company may do this via internal expansion or through mergers and acquisitions. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market ...
v. t. e. Occupational segregation is the distribution of workers across and within occupations, based upon demographic characteristics, most often gender. [ 1] Other types of occupational segregation include racial and ethnicity segregation, and sexual orientation segregation. These demographic characteristics often intersect. [ 2]
Two or more corporations have interlocking directorates when they share members of their boards of directors or each shares directors with a third firm. A person that sits on multiple boards is known as a multiple director. [1] Two firms have a direct interlock if a director or executive of one firm is also a director of the other, and an ...
Social mobility is the movement of individuals, families, households or other categories of people within or between social strata in a society. [ 1] It is a change in social status relative to one's current social location within a given society. This movement occurs between layers or tiers in an open system of social stratification.
e. In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and groups. [ 1][ 2] Characteristics of social organization can include qualities such as sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership, structure, division of labor, communication systems, and so on. [ 3][ 4]
Horizontal mobility, which is a type of social mobility, refers to the change of physical space or profession without changes in the economic situation, prestige, and lifestyle of the individual, or the forward or backward movement from one similar group or status to another.
Discrimination. Social integration is the process during which newcomers or minorities are incorporated into the social structure of the host society. [ 1] Social integration, together with economic integration and identity integration, are three main dimensions of a newcomers' experiences in the society that is receiving them. [ 1]
Horizontal inequality. Horizontal inequality is the inequality—economical, social or other—that does not follow from a difference in an inherent quality such as intelligence, attractiveness or skills for people or profitability for corporations. In sociology, this is particularly applicable to forced inequality between different subcultures ...