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  2. Surface water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_water

    Human-made surface water is water that can be continued by infrastructures that humans have assembled. This would be dammed artificial lakes, canals and artificial ponds (e.g. garden ponds) or swamps. [ 3] The surface water held by dams can be used for renewable energy in the form of hydropower. Hydropower is the forcing of surface water ...

  3. Stratification (water) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratification_(water)

    Stratification in water is the formation in a body of water of relatively distinct and stable layers by density. It occurs in all water bodies where there is stable density variation with depth. Stratification is a barrier to the vertical mixing of water, which affects the exchange of heat, carbon, oxygen and nutrients. [ 1]

  4. Aquatic ecosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_ecosystem

    Aquatic ecosystem. An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem found in and around a body of water, in contrast to land-based terrestrial ecosystems. Aquatic ecosystems contain communities of organisms — aquatic life —that are dependent on each other and on their environment. The two main types of aquatic ecosystems are marine ecosystems and ...

  5. Qanat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qanat

    Qanat. Water channel of Qanats of Ghasabeh, Iran. A qanat or kārīz is a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct; the system originated approximately 3,000 years ago in Iran. [ 1] The function is essentially the same across the Middle East and North Africa ( MENA ), but the ...

  6. Fresh water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresh_water

    Fresh water is the water resource that is of the most and immediate use to humans. Water is critical to the survival of all living organisms. Many organisms can thrive on salt water, but the great majority of vascular plants and most insects, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds need fresh water to survive.

  7. Drainage basin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_basin

    A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, the drainage divide, [ 1] made up of a succession of elevated features, such as ridges and hills.

  8. River - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River

    Definition. A river is a natural flow of freshwater that flows on or through land towards another body of water downhill. [ 1] This flow can be into a lake, an ocean, or another river. [ 1] A stream refers to water that flows in a natural channel, a geographic feature that can contain flowing water. [ 2]

  9. Water scarcity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_scarcity

    Water stress is the ratio of water use relative to water availability and is therefore a demand-driven scarcity. [ 1] Water scarcity (closely related to water stress or water crisis) is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical.