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Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) (pronounced "vizwar" [ 1][ 2]) is the ratio of maximum to minimum voltage on a transmission line . For example, a VSWR of 1.2 means a peak voltage 1.2 times the minimum voltage along that line, if the line is at least one half wavelength long. A SWR can be also defined as the ratio of the maximum amplitude to ...
The characteristic impedance of an infinite transmission line at a given angular frequency is the ratio of the voltage and current of a pure sinusoidal wave of the same frequency travelling along the line. This relation is also the case for finite transmission lines until the wave reaches the end of the line. Generally, a wave is reflected back ...
Link budget. A link budget is an accounting of all of the power gains and losses that a communication signal experiences in a telecommunication system; from a transmitter, through a communication medium such as radio waves, cable, waveguide, or optical fiber, to the receiver. It is an equation giving the received power from the transmitter ...
Design. Color-coded PS/2 connection ports (purple for keyboards and green for mice) on the rear of a personal computer. An S-video connector: because this is a female connector, Pin 1 is at lower right. Mini-DIN connectors are 9.5 millimetres ( ⁄8 in) in diameter and come in seven patterns, with the number of pins from three to nine.
Cable. Coaxial. Passband. Typically 0–4 GHz. The BNC connector (initialism of "Bayonet Neill–Concelman") is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable. It is designed to maintain the same characteristic impedance of the cable, with 50 ohm and 75 ohm types being made. It is usually applied for video ...
SMA connectors are rated for up to 500 mating cycles, [8] but to achieve this it is necessary to properly torque the connector when making the connection. A 5 ⁄ 16 inch torque wrench is required for this, set to 3–5 in·lbf (0.3 to 0.6 N·m) for brass, and 7–10 in·lbf (0.8 to 1.1 N·m) for stainless steel connectors. Flats are sometimes ...
Return loss is a measure of how well devices or lines are matched. A match is good if the return loss is high. A high return loss is desirable and results in a lower insertion loss . From a certain perspective 'Return Loss' is a misnomer. The usual function of a transmission line is to convey power from a source to a load with minimal loss.
The F connector (also F-type connector) is a coaxial RF connector commonly used for "over the air" terrestrial television, cable television and universally for satellite television and cable modems, usually with RG-6/U cable or with RG-59/U cable . The F connector was invented by Eric E. Winston in the early 1950s while working for Jerrold ...