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  2. Lens flare - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_flare

    Lens flare on Borobudur stairs to enhance the sense of ascending. A lens flare is often deliberately used to invoke a sense of drama. A lens flare is also useful when added to an artificial or modified image composition because it adds a sense of realism, implying that the image is an un-edited original photograph of a "real life" scene.

  3. Caustic (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caustic_(optics)

    Caustic (optics) In optics, a caustic or caustic network [1] is the envelope of light rays which have been reflected or refracted by a curved surface or object, or the projection of that envelope of rays on another surface. [2] The caustic is a curve or surface to which each of the light rays is tangent, defining a boundary of an envelope of ...

  4. Anti-reflective coating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating

    Anti-reflective coatings are often used in camera lenses, giving lens elements distinctive colors. Such colors indicate the wavelength of visible light least affected by the antireflective properties of the coating. A variety of colors can be produced whose precise hue depends entirely on the thickness of the coating.

  5. High-dynamic-range rendering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-dynamic-range_rendering

    High-dynamic-range rendering ( HDRR or HDR rendering ), also known as high-dynamic-range lighting, is the rendering of computer graphics scenes by using lighting calculations done in high dynamic range (HDR). This allows preservation of details that may be lost due to limiting contrast ratios. Video games and computer-generated movies and ...

  6. Bloom (shader effect) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloom_(shader_effect)

    Bloom (sometimes referred to as light bloom or glow) is a computer graphics effect used in video games, demos, and high-dynamic-range rendering (HDRR) to reproduce an imaging artifact of real-world cameras. The effect produces fringes (or feathers) of light extending from the borders of bright areas in an image, contributing to the illusion of ...

  7. Lens hood - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_hood

    In photography, a lens hood or lens shade is a device used on the front end of a lens to block the Sun or other light source (s) to prevent glare and lens flare. [1] Lens hoods may also be used to protect the lens from scratches and the elements without having to put on a lens cover. The geometry of a lens hood is dependent on three parameters ...

  8. Gobo (lighting) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobo_(lighting)

    Gobo (lighting) A decorative lighting device that projects a gobo. Components from right to left are the lamp house, the gobo itself (in this case a grid made of wires), and the focusing lens. In a theatrical unit, all three would be in an enclosure to prevent light spillage. The insert at lower right shows the pattern this device projects.

  9. Backscatter (photography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backscatter_(photography)

    Backscatter (photography) The backscatter of the camera's flash by motes of dust causes unfocused orb-shaped photographic artifacts. In photography, backscatter (also called near-camera reflection [1]) is an optical phenomenon resulting in typically circular artifacts on an image, due to the camera's flash being reflected from unfocused motes ...