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  2. Stellar classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_classification

    Main-sequence stars vary in surface temperature from approximately 2,000 to 50,000 K, whereas more-evolved stars – in particular, newly-formed white dwarfs – can have surface temperatures above 100,000 K. [3] Physically, the classes indicate the temperature of the star's atmosphere and are normally listed from hottest to coldest.

  3. White dwarf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_dwarf

    White dwarfs can also exist as binaries or multiple star systems that only consist of white dwarfs. An example of a resolved triple white dwarf system is WD J1953−1019, discovered with Gaia DR2 data. [211] One interesting field is the study of remnant planetary systems around white dwarfs.

  4. Stellar structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_structure

    Different layers of the stars transport heat up and outwards in different ways, primarily convection and radiative transfer, but thermal conduction is important in white dwarfs. Convection is the dominant mode of energy transport when the temperature gradient is steep enough so that a given parcel of gas within the star will continue to rise if ...

  5. List of white dwarfs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_white_dwarfs

    First white dwarf with a planet WD B1620−26: 2003 PSR B1620-26 b (planet) This planet is a circumbinary planet, which circles both stars in the PSR B1620-26 system [6] [7] First singular white dwarf with a transiting object WD 1145+017: 2015 Known object is a disintegrating planetesimal, most likely an asteroid. [8] First white dwarf that is ...

  6. Stellar collision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_collision

    Any stars in the universe can collide, whether they are "alive", meaning fusion is still active in the star, or "dead", with fusion no longer taking place. White dwarf stars, neutron stars , black holes , main sequence stars , giant stars , and supergiants are very different in type, mass, temperature, and radius, and accordingly produce ...

  7. Main sequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_sequence

    This plot shows 22,000 stars from the Hipparcos Catalog together with 1,000 low-luminosity stars (red and white dwarfs) from the Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars. In astronomy , the main sequence is a classification of stars which appear on plots of stellar color versus brightness as a continuous and distinctive band.

  8. Symbiotic binary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiotic_binary

    A symbiotic binary is a type of binary star system, often simply called a symbiotic star. They usually contain a white dwarf with a companion red giant. The cool giant star loses material via Roche lobe overflow or through its stellar wind, which flows onto the hot compact star, usually via an accretion disk.

  9. Chandrasekhar limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrasekhar_limit

    The next step depends upon the mass of the star. Stars below the Chandrasekhar limit become stable white dwarf stars, remaining that way throughout the rest of the history of the universe (assuming the absence of external forces). Stars above the limit can become neutron stars or black holes. [7]: 74