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Contents. Python syntax and semantics. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java.
The Luhn mod N algorithm is an extension that supports non-numerical strings. Because the algorithm operates on the digits in a right-to-left manner and zero digits affect the result only if they cause shift in position, zero-padding the beginning of a string of numbers does not affect the calculation.
One-time pad. A format of one-time pad used by the U.S. National Security Agency, code named DIANA. The table on the right is an aid for converting between plaintext and ciphertext using the characters at left as the key. In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a single ...
A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is an error-detecting code commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to digital data. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Blocks of data entering these systems get a short check value attached, based on the remainder of a polynomial division of their contents.
The Soundex code for a name consists of a letter followed by three numerical digits: the letter is the first letter of the name, and the digits encode the remaining consonants. Consonants at a similar place of articulation share the same digit so, for example, the labial consonants B, F, P, and V are each encoded as the number 1.
A leading zero is any 0 digit that comes before the first nonzero digit in a number string in positional notation. [ 1 ] For example, James Bond 's famous identifier, 007, has two leading zeros. [ 2 ] Any zeroes appearing to the left of the first non-zero digit (of any integer or decimal) do not affect its value, and can be omitted (or replaced ...
For numberings of the set of computable functions, see Numbering (computability theory). In mathematical logic, a Gödel numbering is a function that assigns to each symbol and well-formed formula of some formal language a unique natural number, called its Gödel number. The concept was developed by Kurt Gödel for the proof of his ...
e. A binary number is a number expressed in the base -2 numeral system or binary numeral system, a method for representing numbers that uses only two symbols for the natural numbers: typically "0" (zero) and "1" (one). A binary number may also refer to a rational number that has a finite representation in the binary numeral system, that is, the ...