Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
If there is an underlying cause, treatment should be given based on the disease. Non specific treatment measures include cycloplegics , corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs . [ 2 ] The biologic drugs that are currently used in treatment of panuveitis include anti tumor necrosis factor , cytokine receptor antibodies and interferon-α .
Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy (CRION) is a form of recurrent optic neuritis that is steroid responsive and dependent. [1] Patients typically present with pain associated with visual loss. [1] CRION is a clinical diagnosis of exclusion, and other demyelinating, autoimmune, and systemic causes should be ruled out. [3]
Recently, central serous chorioretinopathy has been understood to be part of the pachychoroid spectrum. [5] [6] In pachychoroid spectrum disorders, of which CSR represents stage II, the choroid, the highly vascularized layer below the retina, is thickened and congested with increased blood vessel diameter, especially in the deep choroid (the so-called Haller's layer).
Osteitis fibrosa cystica (/ ˌ ɒ s t i ˈ aɪ t ɪ s f aɪ ˈ b r oʊ s ə ˈ s ɪ s t ɪ k ə / OSS-tee-EYE-tis fy-BROH-sə SIS-tik-ə) is a skeletal disorder resulting in a loss of bone mass, a weakening of the bones as their calcified supporting structures are replaced with fibrous tissue (peritrabecular fibrosis), and the formation of cyst-like brown tumors in and around the bone.
They recognized these symptoms were the result of inflammation of the optic nerve and spinal cord, respectively. [74] [77] [78] In 2002, Mayo Clinic researchers identified a humoral mechanism, targeting a perivascular protein, as the culprit of NMO, [26] and in 2004 an unknown specific autoantibody was found. [79]
Treatment is aimed at controlling symptoms, but there is no cure. Any bone or bones can be affected, but Paget's disease occurs most frequently in the spine, skull, pelvis, femur, and lower legs. Osteogenic sarcoma , a form of bone cancer , is a rare complication of Paget's disease occurring in less than one percent of those affected.
Eye involvement typically occurs early in the course of reactive arthritis, and symptoms may come and go. Dactylitis , or "sausage digit", a diffuse swelling of a solitary finger or toe, is a distinctive feature of reactive arthritis and other peripheral spondylarthritides but can also be seen in polyarticular gout and sarcoidosis .
Dry eye syndrome can lead to blurred vision, instability of the tear film, increased risk of damage to the ocular surface such as scarring of the cornea, and changes in the eye including the neurosensory system. [2] [6] Dry eye occurs when either the eye does not produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly. [2]