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The term is an acronym for microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Nikolay Basov , Alexander Prokhorov and Joseph Weber introduced the concept of the maser in 1952, and Charles H. Townes , James P. Gordon , and Herbert J. Zeiger built the first maser at Columbia University in 1953.
Specialties include microwave and RF integrated circuit design, antenna engineering, computational electromagnetics, radiowave propagation, radar and remote sensing systems, image processing, and THz imaging. [5] [6] Tufts University offers a Microwave and Wireless Engineering certificate program as part of its graduate studies programs. It can ...
The core of the traditional radio frequency atomic clock is a tunable microwave cavity containing a gas. In a hydrogen maser clock the gas emits microwaves (the gas mases) on a hyperfine transition, the field in the cavity oscillates, and the cavity is tuned for maximum microwave amplitude. Alternatively, in a caesium or rubidium clock, the ...
Microwave signals are normally limited to the line of sight, so long-distance transmission using these signals requires a series of repeaters forming a microwave relay network. It is possible to use microwave signals in over-the-horizon communications using tropospheric scatter , but such systems are expensive and generally used only in ...
The same frequencies were already in use for terrestrial microwave radio relay chains. Nearly all C-band communication satellites use the band of frequencies from 3.7 to 4.2 GHz for their downlinks , and the band of frequencies from 5.925 to 6.425 GHz for their uplinks .
Power divider in microstrip technology. In the field of microwave engineering and circuit design, the Wilkinson Power Divider is a specific class of power divider circuit that can achieve isolation between the output ports while maintaining a matched condition on all ports.
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The modern magnetron is a fairly efficient device. In a microwave oven, for instance, a 1.1-kilowatt input will generally create about 700 watts of microwave power, an efficiency of around 65%. (The high-voltage and the properties of the cathode determine the power of a magnetron.)